Official Verbal Ability thread for CAT 2013

@techgeek2050
@nole
@Ned_stark

OA

Each pair of CAPITALIZED words given below is followed by four pairs of words Choose the pair which exhibit the relationship similar to that expressed in the capitalized pair

20. ROTATE: GYRATE
(1) Putrefy: Reject (2) Anachronism: Cubism
(3) Accolade: Criticism (4) Absolve: Exonerate

21. TEPEE: RED INDIAN
(1) Tree: Bark (2) Tent: Camping
(3) Igloo: Eskimo (4) House: Man

22. WOOL: ACRYLIC
(I) Minutes: Day (2) Cotton: Polyester
(3) India: Assam (4) Nylon Rayon

23. COMMITMENT: GROW TH
(1) Ingenuity: Invention (2) Gullibility: Experiment
(3) Loquaciousness: Sobriety (4) Taciturnity: Silence

24. FISH: MERMAID
(I) Unicom: Tapestry (2) Horse: Centaur
(3) Pegasus: Fly (4) Cat: Lion

@robinzutshi

20 4
22 2
23 1
24 4

@robinzutshi

15 propitious
16 germane
17 respite & scorching
18 reverential & acrimonious
19 hardy & eliminate

@yudh said:
How can I give ______ when I am not at fault? a) up b) away c) in d) offdo not have answer
in
@nole said:
can anyone tell what is the difference between these two words1) a priori2) assumption ?also can anyone explain meaning of word "epistemology" with the help of an example ?
Epistemology ~ knowledge and philosophy related to knowledge. For example, if you know - how & what etc of say, kitchen knives, you may be able to design a better handle. This application aspect would be use of it.

SET 41

D

SET (41) I think PCs

20. Adaptation, the process by which one thing develops into another thing, by which one shape or form changes into a different form, is a commonplace artistic activity. Books are turned into plays and films all the time, plays are turned into movies and also sometimes into musicals, movies are turned into Broadway shows and even, by the ugly method known as novelisation, into books as well. We live in a world of such transformations and metamorphoses. ________________________

(1) Ricky Gervais turns into Steve Carell, just as, long ago, the British working-class racist Alf Garnett in Till Death Us Do Part turned into the American blue-collar bigot Archie Bunker in All In the Family.
(2) British TV comedy series are turned into American TV comedy series, so that The Office becomes a different The Office.
(3) British reality programmes are adapted to suit American audiences as well; Pop Idol becomes American Idol when it crosses the Atlantic.

(4) Strictly, Come Dancing becomes Dancing With the Stars - a programme which, it may interest you to know, invited me to appear on it last season, an invitation I declined.
(5) Good movies - Lolita, The Pink Panther - are remade as bad movies; bad movies - The Incredible Hulk, Deep Throat - are remade as even worse movies.

21. The Booker is a prize awarded by the British literary establishment according to its value system; yet the book that receives it becomes, in our country, the most important book of its time. The question is: why do we have to wholeheartedly accept their valuation and dismiss the response of readers in this country? Even Salman Rushdie, that most international of writers, says that the readers you write for are the people you are writing about. But the Booker undoubtedly an important literary prize has become so important to us that while we ignore the prizes given in our country, discussions about the Booker longlist, and then about the shortlist go on for months. ________________________

(1) In our country the obsession with labels is what helps us to metaphorically spell out our latent desire for recognition from the so-called white- elite.
(2) To talk of subversion makes it seem that Indian Writing in English (IWE) still thinks of Europe or America as its centre.
(3) The fault lies with the readers as they prefer reading the books that receive an international prize over the ones that receive domestic honours.
(4) The Booker should not be held as a benchmark for deciding the greatness of a book especially by the people of a culture richer than that of the British.
(5) This makes it hard to accept the argument that winning the Booker is an act of subversion.


22. It might not sound like a recipe for success but this is the most important piece of theatre happening anywhere in the country. Some 40 years ago, director Augusto Boal began experimenting with invisible theatre rehearsing and performing semi-improvised pieces in public spaces to the unsuspecting public. Meanwhile in the bohemian lofts of New York City, a new generation of visionaries were embedding their art ever further into the everyday. Lurking in the corner of a diner, Vito Acconci sat quietly rubbing his arm to produce a sore, while Allan Kaprow created instructions for almost unseen activities to be carried out on the streets of the city. ____________________________________

(1) Such theatre is not as successful as that which happens in an auditorium.
(2) Even audiences were transformed, no longer limited to those who knew they were an audience.
(3) In this way, theatre broke free of the auditorium, art tore itself from the gallery and the museum
(4) Theatre veterans are least bothered about praise or criticism.
(5) Experimental theatre has been doing the rounds for quite some time now.


23. Most people know what communism is at its most basic level. Simply put, communism is the idea that everyone in a given society receives equal shares of the benefits derived from labor. Communism is designed to allow the poor to rise up and attain financial and social status equal to that of the middleclass landowners. In order for everyone to achieve equality, wealth is redistributed so that the members of the upper class are brought down to the same financial and social level as the middle class. Communism also requires that all means of production be controlled by the state. ______________________

(1) In other words, private business owners are very few and have to share profits with the state.
(2) In other words, the state redistributes wealth and creates equality among the people.
(3) In other words, no one can own his or her own business or produce his or her own goods because the state owns everything.
(4) In other words, communism is against capitalism.
(5) In other words, communism reeks of corruption and is next to dictatorship in suppressing the wealthy.


24. There is much to commend in this novel, a witty parable of Indias changing society, yet there is much to ponder. The scales have fallen from the eyes of some Indian writers, many either living abroad, or educated there like Adiga. The home country is invariably presented as a place of brutal injustice and sordid corruption, one in which the poor are always dispossessed and victimised by their age-old enemies, the rich. Characters at the colourful extremities of society are Dickensian grotesques, Phiz sketches, adrift in a country that is lurching rapidly towards bland middle-class normality. ___________________.

(1) My hunch is this is fundamentally an outsiders view and a superficial one.
(2) There are so many alternative Indias, uncontacted and unheard which Adiga can never hope to explore.
(3) Adiga is a genius of this age who has written a pathbreaking book.
(4) Presenting the home country as a poverty-stricken place has become a means of getting cheap popularity.
(5) We are talking about a country which for ages has served as a spiritual guide for the world

25 . The Polar Basin is not a flat, unbroken plain of ice. As new ice forms below the old, it heaves upward, cracking the surface into a tangle of ice floes. Driven by wind and tide, these floes are forever churning and grinding, now freezing together, again cracking apart._____
A)On occasion, a floe may drift away from this melee.
B)This renders the area truly uninhabitable.
C)They form the polar ice pack, a jigsaw puzzle of pinnacles, caverns and precipices.
D)Thunderous rumbles are heard when this happens.



Happy CATing

P.S- Jagoo Rey March is about to End
@miseera said:
SET (41)

20) 5
21) 3
22) 2
23) 3
24) 4
25) C


Some important Phobias: :mg:

Ablutophobia - Fear of washing or bathing.
Achluophobia - Fear of darkness.
Acousticophobia - Fear of noise.
Ailurophobia – fear/dislike of cats.
Alektorophobia - Fear of chickens.
Androphobia - Fear of men.
Anthrophobia - Fear of flowers.
Arithmophobia - Fear of numbers.
Atychiphobia, fear of failure
Aurophobia - Fear of gold.
Catoptrophobia - Fear of mirrors.
Chrematophobia - Fear of money.
Chromatophobia - Fear of colors.
Cynophobia - Fear of dogs or rabies.
Dendrophobia - Fear of trees.
Dikephobia - Fear of justice.
Eleutherophobia - Fear of freedom.
Entomophobia – fear/dislike of insects.
Glossophobia – fear of speaking in public or of trying to speak
Gynophobia – fear of women.
Heliophobia – fear of sunlight
Heliophobia – fear of sunlight/sun
Hemophobia - Fear of blood.
Herpetophobia - fear/dislike of reptiles.
Hippophobia - Fear of horses..
Ichthyophobia – fear/dislike of fish.
Nosocomephobia - fear of hospitals.
Osmophobia, Olfactophobia – fear of smells.
Phobophobia – fear of having a phobia.
Potophobia/Methyphobia - Fear of alcohol
Pyrophobia - Fear of fire
Selenophobia - Fear of the moon.
Sophophobia - Fear of learning.
Tachophobia - Fear of speed.
Thaasophobia/ Kathisophobia - Fear of sitting.
Thalassophobia - Fear of the sea.
Thermophobia - Fear of heat


SET 41

20> 5
21> 3
22> 3
23> 3
24> 3 (1 bhi ho sakta hai but already mentioned)
25> A


@miseera Set 41
1
3
3
2
1
C

@miseera said:
SET (41) I think PCs
20> 3
21> 3
22> 2
23> 2
24> 1
25> 2

@miseera
my take
20. 3
21.3
22. 2
23. 4
24.4
25.2

My answers for SET 41

20 2
21 3
22 1
23 1
24 2
25 1

Please Tell the OA

SET 41

20) 1
21) 3
22) 3
23) 1
24) 2
25) 1
@miseera said:
SET (41) I think PCs20. Adaptation, the process by which one thing develops into another thing, by which one shape or form changes into a different form, is a commonplace artistic activity. Books are turned into plays and films all the time, plays are turned into movies and also sometimes into musicals, movies are turned into Broadway shows and even, by the ugly method known as novelisation, into books as well. We live in a world of such transformations and metamorphoses. ________________________(1) Ricky Gervais turns into Steve Carell, just as, long ago, the British working-class racist Alf Garnett in Till Death Us Do Part turned into the American blue-collar bigot Archie Bunker in All In the Family. (2) British TV comedy series are turned into American TV comedy series, so that The Office becomes a different The Office. (3) British reality programmes are adapted to suit American audiences as well; Pop Idol becomes American Idol when it crosses the Atlantic.(4) Strictly, Come Dancing becomes Dancing With the Stars - a programme which, it may interest you to know, invited me to appear on it last season, an invitation I declined. (5) Good movies - Lolita, The Pink Panther - are remade as bad movies; bad movies - The Incredible Hulk, Deep Throat - are remade as even worse movies.21. The Booker is a prize awarded by the British literary establishment according to its value system; yet the book that receives it becomes, in our country, the most important book of its time. The question is: why do we have to wholeheartedly accept their valuation and dismiss the response of readers in this country? Even Salman Rushdie, that most international of writers, says that the readers you write for are the people you are writing about. But the Booker undoubtedly an important literary prize has become so important to us that while we ignore the prizes given in our country, discussions about the Booker longlist, and then about the shortlist go on for months. ________________________(1) In our country the obsession with labels is what helps us to metaphorically spell out our latent desire for recognition from the so-called white- elite. (2) To talk of subversion makes it seem that Indian Writing in English (IWE) still thinks of Europe or America as its centre. (3) The fault lies with the readers as they prefer reading the books that receive an international prize over the ones that receive domestic honours. (4) The Booker should not be held as a benchmark for deciding the greatness of a book especially by the people of a culture richer than that of the British. (5) This makes it hard to accept the argument that winning the Booker is an act of subversion.22. It might not sound like a recipe for success but this is the most important piece of theatre happening anywhere in the country. Some 40 years ago, director Augusto Boal began experimenting with invisible theatre rehearsing and performing semi-improvised pieces in public spaces to the unsuspecting public. Meanwhile in the bohemian lofts of New York City, a new generation of visionaries were embedding their art ever further into the everyday. Lurking in the corner of a diner, Vito Acconci sat quietly rubbing his arm to produce a sore, while Allan Kaprow created instructions for almost unseen activities to be carried out on the streets of the city. ____________________________________ (1) Such theatre is not as successful as that which happens in an auditorium. (2) Even audiences were transformed, no longer limited to those who knew they were an audience. (3) In this way, theatre broke free of the auditorium, art tore itself from the gallery and the museum (4) Theatre veterans are least bothered about praise or criticism. (5) Experimental theatre has been doing the rounds for quite some time now.23. Most people know what communism is at its most basic level. Simply put, communism is the idea that everyone in a given society receives equal shares of the benefits derived from labor. Communism is designed to allow the poor to rise up and attain financial and social status equal to that of the middleclass landowners. In order for everyone to achieve equality, wealth is redistributed so that the members of the upper class are brought down to the same financial and social level as the middle class. Communism also requires that all means of production be controlled by the state. ______________________(1) In other words, private business owners are very few and have to share profits with the state. (2) In other words, the state redistributes wealth and creates equality among the people. (3) In other words, no one can own his or her own business or produce his or her own goods because the state owns everything. (4) In other words, communism is against capitalism. (5) In other words, communism reeks of corruption and is next to dictatorship in suppressing the wealthy.24. There is much to commend in this novel, a witty parable of Indias changing society, yet there is much to ponder. The scales have fallen from the eyes of some Indian writers, many either living abroad, or educated there like Adiga. The home country is invariably presented as a place of brutal injustice and sordid corruption, one in which the poor are always dispossessed and victimised by their age-old enemies, the rich. Characters at the colourful extremities of society are Dickensian grotesques, Phiz sketches, adrift in a country that is lurching rapidly towards bland middle-class normality. ___________________.(1) My hunch is this is fundamentally an outsiders view and a superficial one. (2) There are so many alternative Indias, uncontacted and unheard which Adiga can never hope to explore. (3) Adiga is a genius of this age who has written a pathbreaking book. (4) Presenting the home country as a poverty-stricken place has become a means of getting cheap popularity. (5) We are talking about a country which for ages has served as a spiritual guide for the world25 . The Polar Basin is not a flat, unbroken plain of ice. As new ice forms below the old, it heaves upward, cracking the surface into a tangle of ice floes. Driven by wind and tide, these floes are forever churning and grinding, now freezing together, again cracking apart._____ A)On occasion, a floe may drift away from this melee. B)This renders the area truly uninhabitable. C)They form the polar ice pack, a jigsaw puzzle of pinnacles, caverns and precipices. D)Thunderous rumbles are heard when this happens.Happy CATing P.S- Jagoo Rey March is about to End
OAs For SET (41)

20. OPTION 5 Since the paragraph has spoken about movies and has ended with a general comment on transformations, the next thing would probably be examples of the same as in the choices. But the choice to follow immediately after the comment would be an example on movies first as the paragraph ends with the same. Hence option 5 is best. Then the other options could follow which talk about TV Programmes as also American adaptations of British Programmes.

21. OPTION 5 The author in the argument disapproves of the Indians attitude of adulation towards the books that receive the Booker. The argument has a critical tone. Option (5) clarifies the authors position in his expression of disapproval. The author mentions that the unnecessary importance attached to the international opinion neutralizes the sin of subversion. Option (1) is a too general statement that to an extent restates the authors opinion. Option (2) confirms to the scope of the argument, however, it would follow only after option (5). Option (3) goes against the
theme of the argument as in the argument the author mentions about the valuation of books by the Booker status is dismissing the response of the readers in the native country. Option (4) poses a wayward argument that doesnt match the scope of the original argument as it talks of a superiority of culture.

22. OPTION 3 The tone of the paragraph is predominantly narrative and in the past tense. Option 1 is repetitive and is abruptly in the present. Even options 4 and 5 abruptly jump to the present and do not continue the tone. Option 2 seems to follow option 3- note that option 2 starts with even audiences were transformed which is logical after option 3 which talks of
transformation of theatre. Option 3 is closely linked to the para end which talks of unseen activities. Option 3 not only continues the paragraph but defines what this invisible theatre is all about.
23. OPTION 3 The paragraph is descriptive and not biased towards any
particular side. It is merely informative and not opinionated or subjective. Option 1 is not extending the last line which talks of means of production. Option 2 slips back to an earlier point and gets repetitive. Option 4 talks of capitalism suddenly and is also opinionated and not factual. Option 5 is again
highly opinionated and subjective- markedly different from the factual tone of the paragraph.

24. OPTION 1 The first line of the paragraph-much to commend and much to ponder- gives away the tone of the author- which is moderate and not extreme. Option 2 is too definitive in Adiga can never hope to explore. Option 3 is too laudatory. Option 4 is extreme in its negative tone. Option 5 suddenly jumps from- class discussions to spirituality. Option 1 continues the authors view. Also note the words my hunch is .. which is moderate in its import.

25.c


Happy CATing
SET (42) PCS

26. One of the more fortunate among wild creatures is the lemming, a furry animal considerably smaller than the hare. This weasel-like creature has habits that make it difficult to capture, and a beautiful pelt that is fragile and hard to match._____

A)It is also a gregarious creature, living in large groups.
B)For these reasons even up-market stylists have never tried to make the lemming fashionable.
C)It displays what we term as 'herd behaviour' in all aspects of its life.\
D)It lives in labyrinthine burrows, often those originally excavated by hares.


27. Of the several varieties of penguins, the Emperor Penguin is the most unusual. Standing four feet or more in height, weighing up to eighty pounds, these birds appear to wear black coats and yellowish waistcoats, and have orange stained beaks. They walk with pompous gravity, bow to one another, and appear to be making solemn speeches.______

A)Their calls are akin to those of the other birds of the penguin family.
B)The females are very protective of their young.
C)Gentle though they seem, they can use their flippers for lethal strikes if threatened.
D)In them, the manless Antarctic has outstanding citizens that look absurdly manlike.

28. Appeals to the past are among the commonest of strategies in interpretation of the present. What animates such appeals is not only disagreement about what happened in the past and what the past was, but uncertainty about whether the past really is past, over and concluded, or whether it continues, albeit in different forms perhaps.______

A)This past in fact, continues through the present to the future.
B)In the event, it is probably necessary to disassociate the present from the past.
C)The past requires close study if it is to be properly understood.
D)This problem gives rise to all sorts of discussions, especially about present actualities and future priorities.


29.Domination and inequities of power and wealth are perennial facts of human society. But in today's global setting they are also interpretable as having something to do with imperialism, its history, its new form. Today's developing nations may be politically independent but in many ways they are as dominated and dependent as they were when ruled directly by colonial powers. On the one hand, we may consider this the consequence of sell-inflicted wounds. On the other, we may blame the erstwhile colonists sweepingly for the misfortune of the present._____
A)Imperialism and colonialism have left their marks on the present in ways that are more significant than we realise.
B)The truth is that neither is the case.
C)What we need to do, however, is to look at these matters as a network of interdependent histories - senseless to repress, interesting to understand.
D)What we need to do, however, is to recognize these as mutually exclusive aspects of development.

30. The universal expositions of the nineteenth century were intended as microcosms that would summarise the entire human experience - past and present, with projections into the future. In their carefully articulated order, they also signified the dominant relation of power. Ordering and characterization ranked, rationalized, and objectified different societies._____

A)The resulting hierarchies portrayed the world order as perceived by the host countries - with races, sexes, and nations occupying determined places much as do the pieces in a pyramid.
B)Social and political scientists aver that such expositions were forerunners of the twentieth century's League of Nations.
C)World trade developed rapidly, as a result.
D)In a fashion these expositions helped build the modern day concepts of societal evolution.



Happy CATing


@miseera said:
SET (42) PCS

my take-
B
D
D
C
A
@miseera

my take-
B
D
D
C
A
Insomnia
What is insomnia?
Insomnia is repeated difficulty in getting to sleep, staying asleep or getting enough good quality sleep, despite adequate opportunity, which leads to some form of impairment of performance or wellbeing during the daytime. If it occurs regularly or over a long period of time, it's called chronic insomnia. About one in three adults will have had some sort of problem with insomnia within the past 12 months. For most the problem is fairly short-lived, but for as many as one in ten it becomes a chronic problem which significantly affects their life. There are many different patterns of insomnia. For example, one in three people with insomnia have no problem getting off to sleep but then wake in the early hours and cannot get back to sleep.
Causes of insomnia
A common trigger forsleeping difficulties is stress and worry. Some people are particularly vulnerable because they are more likely to show a more extreme response to stress, such as people who are depressed, chronically ill or struggling with other difficult issues such as relationship problems. Other common causes include physical illness that causes pain, environmental noise, depression, shift work, caffeine or alcohol consumption, and medication side-effects. Other illnesses can disrupt sleep, such as menopausal hot flushes and urinary problems from infection or prostate disease causing night-time waking. Insomnia is much more common in older people. Once triggered, sleep problems may then be perpetuated by the individuals' beliefs and behaviours – theyoften worry excessively about the effect that inadequate sleep will have on them and so strive excessively hard to get to sleep, take daytime naps or sleep in late which can disrupt the natural rhythm, or turn to medicines or alcohol in the belief that this will help (most just induce unnatural patterns of sleep). A vicious cycle of poor sleep and stress is quickly set up and persists after the initial trigger has passed.
9)______________________________ (Paragraph 3)
Insomnia contributes to excessive daytime tiredness, which in turn may be responsible for accidents, recurrent infections (inadequate sleep has been shown to suppress the immune system), poor concentration, irritability, work and relationship problems and a general inability to cope. In children it may be linked to poor growth.
10)_____________________________ (Paragraph 4)
Sleeping tablets may be prescribed for short-term use only, when the cause of insomnia has been identified as bereavement or jet lag, for example. However, it's usually more important toaddress any underlying cause of the insomnia and attempt to restore a normal sleep pattern through changes in behaviour and lifestyle. Deal with issues and anxieties which may keep you awake worrying. Make sure your bedroom is dark, cool and unstimulating and that your bed is comfortable and not too hot. Try to follow a set routine, going to sleep and getting up at the same time and avoiding daytime naps, and don't work or watch TV in your bedroom. Recent research has shown that the effect of cooling on the body, and particularly the brain, such as following a bath, shower or hairwashing, can induce sleep. You should also try avoiding stimulants such as caffeine, nicotine and alcohol. Getting more exercise during the day, having a warm milky drink before bed, and herbs such as valerian and camomile can also help.
Source: Insomnia by Dr.Rob Hicks featured on the BBC Health website –July 2011.
Text 1: Questions 1-10
1. Insomnia is
A.brought about when people do not have enough time to sleep.
B.caused when people do not want to sleep.
C.related to problems of getting to sleep and sleeping well.
D.related to problems associated with staying asleep for long periods of time.
2. Chronic insomnia refers to
A.sleeping problems that significantly affect our lives.
B.sleeping problems that last for a long period of time.
C.sleeping problems that occasionally disrupt our daily lives.
D.sleeping problems that are caused by illness.
3. Which of the following statements is true?
A.For the majority of people insomnia is a temporary condition.
B.For most people insomnia generally lasts for a period of twelve months.
C.Insomnia significantly affects the lives of the majority of the population.
D.The majority of people who have insomnia suffer from chronic insomnia.
4. Which of the following can best replace trigger for in line­­ 12?
A.effect of
B.cause of
C.problem with
D.consequence of
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common cause of sleeping problems?
A.Painful physical illness
B.Noise
C.Changing your job
D.Regularly changing your work timetable
6. What does they in line 20 refer to?
A.sleep problems
B.individuals' beliefs and behaviours
C.individuals
D.effects
7. Why is it not a good idea to take a daytime nap?
A. because we will sleep less at night
B. because this will disturb our natural sleep patterns
C. because we will need to take medicines to get to sleep
D. because we will sleep too much
8. Which of the following can best replace address in line 34?
A. place
B. locate
C. deal with
D. understand
9. Choose the best heading for paragraph 3 from the list of
headings on the right.

10. Choose the best heading for paragraph 4 from the list of
headings on the right.
Headings
A.Curing insomnia
B.Treatment of insomnia
C.Insomnia and mental illness
D.How insomnia causes problems at work
E.Effects of insomnia