GMAT Sentence Correction Discussions

Q. Bipedal dinosaurs' standing posture differs from virtually every visual depiction of them created before the 1970s, when scientists reevaluated their assumptions about tripod-style balance.

(A) Bipedal dinosaurs' standing posture differs from

(B) Bipedal dinosaurs stood in a posture that differs from

(C) Bipedal dinosaurs exhibited standing postures that differ from those of

(D) The standing posture of bipedal dinosaurs differs from

(E) The characteristics of bipedal dinosaurs' standing posture differ from those of

Answer: C
The words "differ from" signal that there is a comparison. In this case, the comparison is between the actual posture of dinosaurs and the posture as depicted by certain images. As written, the sentence is incorrect: it compares the actual standing posture with "every visual depiction." We can't compare a posture with a picture as those are unlike things.
Choice (B) makes the same mistake, comparing a posture with pictures. (C) makes a proper comparison between "standing postures" and "those of." The word "those" takes the place of "standing postures," so we're comparing the actual standing postures with the standing postures as depicted. (D) makes the same mistake as (A) and (B). (E) is complicated but is yet another comparison error. It compares characteristics of standing posture with "those" (characteristics) of visual depictions. Those are different things, so (C) must be correct.
Regards,
Neha

Ps- Sid, will reply to your ques tomo.tired right now. ple don't post the OAs until i post my answers.



Hi Puys,
OA is option-C, As well explained by Neha, Waiting for Sid it has been more than 3 days, may be he is too tired no choice...
157. Balzac drank more than fifty cups of coffee a day and died of caffeine poisoning; furthermore, caffeine did not seem to bother Samuel Johnson, the great writer and lexicographer, who was reported to have drunk twenty-five cups of tea at one sitting.
(A) furthermore, caffeine did not seem to bother
(B) however, caffeine did not seem to bother
(C) however, caffeine did not seem to have bothered
(D) furthermore, caffeine did not seem to have bothered
(E) in addition, caffeine did not seem to bother

confused about the use of however/furthermore and seem to/seem to have


Hi Puys,
Its 3-2 split(bother and bothered), and however goes well one is negating first sentence and indefinite is correct over a perfect tense.
Hence Option-B(indefinite tense) is appropriate over Option-C(perfect tense).Perfect tense can not be said appropriate for botheration of Samuel Johnson about tea drinking.
157. Balzac drank more than fifty cups of coffee a day and died of caffeine poisoning; furthermore, caffeine did not seem to bother Samuel Johnson, the great writer and lexicographer, who was reported to have drunk twenty-five cups of tea at one sitting.
(A) furthermore, caffeine did not seem to bother
(B) however, caffeine did not seem to bother
(C) however, caffeine did not seem to have bothered
(D) furthermore, caffeine did not seem to have bothered
(E) in addition, caffeine did not seem to bother

confused about the use of however/furthermore and seem to/seem to have

My answer is marked in black.
However is used to show the contrast.
seem to bother-idiom.
Q. Consumption of bread products made from worm-infected grains often trigger severely debilitating symptoms such as muscle contractions, seizures and gangrene but, at a proper dose, also cause a significant reduction in maternal bleeding after childbirth.

a) bread products made from worm-infected grains often trigger severely debilitating symptoms such as muscle contractions, seizures and gangrene but, at a proper dose, also cause a significant reduction in

b) products made from worm-infected grains often trigger severely debilitating symptoms such as muscle contractions,seizures and gangrene but, at a proper dose, also cause significantly reduced

c) bread products made from worm-infected grains often triggers severely debilitating symptoms such as muscle contractions, seizures and gangrene but, at a proper dose, also causes a significant reduction in

d) bread made from worm-infected grains often triggers severely debilitating symptoms such as muscle contractions, seizures and gangrene but, at a proper dose, also cause a significant reduction in

e) bread products made from worm-infected grains often trigger severely debilitating symptoms such as muscle contractions, seizures and gangrene but, at a proper dose, also causes a significantly reduced

Puys help me

Q. Capital gains tax, levied against profits earned on investments, have been being the subject of recent political debate.

a) have been being
b) have been
c) were
d) has been being
e) has been

Puys help me

Q. Capital gains tax, levied against profits earned on investments, have been being the subject of recent political debate.

a) have been being
b) have been
c) were
d) has been being
e) has been


IMO option E.
Capital gains tax-singular.
Puys help me

Q. Capital gains tax, levied against profits earned on investments, have been being the subject of recent political debate.

a) have been being
b) have been
c) were
d) has been being
e) has been


Answer is Blue.

Just asking cause of curiosity, Ponds, are you thinking of writing GMAT again??


Regards,
Neha
Puys help me

Q. Capital gains tax, levied against profits earned on investments, have been being the subject of recent political debate.

a) have been being
b) have been
c) were
d) has been being
e) has been

(E)Capital gains tax(singular)-has -so choice b/w D and E,D looks awkward and wordy (being)

Hi All,

Answers are in blue,

351. In 1929 relatively small declines in the market ruined many speculators having bought on margin; they had to sell, and their selling pushed other investors to the brink.
(A) speculators having bought on margin; they had to sell, and
(B) speculators who had bought on margin; having had to sell,
(C) speculators who had bought on margin; they had to sell, and
(D) speculators, those who had bought on margin; these speculators had to sell, and
(E) speculators, who, having bought on margin and having to sell,

355. In 1978 only half the women granted child support by a court received the amount awarded; at least as much as a million and more others had not any support agreements whatsoever.
(A) at least as much as a million and more others had not any
(B) at least as much as more than a million others had no
(C) more than a million others had not any
(D) more than a million others had no
(E) there was at least a million or more others without any



374. In December of 1987 an automobile manufacturer pleaded no contest to criminal charges of odometer tampering and agreed to pay more than $16 million in civil damages for cars that were test-driven with their odometers disconnected.
(A) cars that were test-driven with their odometers disconnected
(B) cars that it had test-driven with their disconnected odometers
(C) its cars having been test-driven with disconnected odometers
(D) having test-driven cars with their odometers disconnected
(E) having cars that were test-driven with disconnected odometers

COnfusion b/w E and D (OA-D)

378. In feudal Europe, urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and commuted to farmlands in the countryside, unlike homesteading policies in the American West that required residency on the land itself in order to obtain eventual ownership.
(A) In feudal Europe, urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and commuted to farmlands in the countryside, unlike homesteading policies in the American West that
(B) In feudal Europe, urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and from which they commuted to farmlands in the countryside, but in the American West homesteading policies
(C) Unlike feudal Europe where urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and commuted to farmlands in the countryside, the American Wests homesteading policies
(D) Unlike feudal Europe where urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and commuted to farmlands in the countryside, the homesteading policies of the American West
(E) Urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived from which they commuted to farmlands in the countryside in feudal Europe, unlike the American West where homesteading policies

Confusion b/w A and B (OA-B)

379. In good years, the patchwork of green fields that surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of them in the area just for the season.
(A) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of them
(B) surrounds the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of whom are
(C) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of who are
(D) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustle with farm workers, many of which
(E) surrounds the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many are

Confusion b/w B and A (OA- A)


381. In his eagerness to find a city worthy of Priam, the German archaeologist Schliemann cut through Troy and uncovered a civilization a thousand years older as was the city Homers heroes knew.
(A) older as was the city Homers heroes knew
(B) more ancient than the city known to Homers heroes
(C) older than was the city known to Homers heroes
(D) more ancient of a city than Homers heroes knew
(E) older of a city than was the one known to Homers heroes

Confusion b/w C and B (OA B)

383. In his work, Leon Forrest is more reminiscent of Henry Millers obsessive narratives and Toni Morrisons mythic languages than James Joyces internal explorations.
(A) In his work, Leon Forrest is more reminiscent of
(B) Leon Forrest writes more like
(C) Leon Forrests work is more reminiscent of
(D) Leon Forrest reminds one more of
(E) Leon Forrests work more resembles that of

Confusion b/w E and C (OA -C)


385. In its most recent approach, the comet Crommelin passed the Earth at about the same distance and in about the same position, some 25 degrees above the horizon, that Halleys comet will pass the next time it appears.
(A) that Halleys comet will pass
(B) that Halleys comet is to be passing
(C) as Halleys comet
(D) as will Halleys comet
(E) as Halleys comet will do


In June, 1981, six teenagers in the village of Medjugorje, Yugoslavia, claimed to have had visions of the Virgin Mary, who they say has continued to appear to them over the ensuing years.
(A) claimed to have had visions of the Virgin Mary, who
(B) claimed to have visions of the Virgin Mary, whom
(C) claimed to have had visions of the Virgin Mary, whom
(D) claimed to have visions of the Virgin Mary, who
(E) had claimed to have had visions of the Virgin Mary, whom
1. In recent years cattle breeders have increasingly used crossbreeding, in part that their steers should acquire certain characteristics and partly because crossbreeding is said to provide hybrid vigor.
(A) in part that their steers should acquire certain characteristics
(B) in part for the acquisition of certain characteristics in their steers
(C) partly because of their steers acquiring certain characteristics
(D) partly because certain characteristics should be acquired by their steers
(E) partly to acquire certain characteristics in their steers
2. In reference to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently expressed anxiety that their prospects for being hired and promoted are being stunted by their habit.
(A) In reference to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently expressed anxiety that
(B) Referring to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently expressed anxiety about
(C) When referring to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently express anxiety about
(D) With reference to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently expressed anxiety about
(E) Referring to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently express anxiety that




398. In spite of continuing national trends toward increased consumption of specialty foods, agronomists in the Midwest foresee a gradual reversion to the raising of agricultural staples: feed corn and hard red wheat.
(A) a gradual reversion to the raising of agricultural staples
(B) that a gradual reversion back will feature the raising of agricultural staples
(C) a gradual reversion back to the raising of agricultural staples again
(D) a gradual reversion to raise agricultural staples
(E) a gradual reversion into the raising of agricultural staples





400. In such works as his 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber, Frederic Remington caught the publics fancy by portraying those moments of conflict that defined the Wests romantic heroes.
(A) In such works as his 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber, Frederic Remington caught the publics fancy
(B) In such works as Frederic Remingtons 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber, the publics fancy was caught
(C) Frederic Remington, catching the publics fancy in such works as the 1889 masterpiece A Dash for the Timber, did it
(D) The fancy of Frederic Remingtons public was caught in his 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber,
(E) The publics fancy was caught by Frederic Remington in such works as his 1889 masterpiece, A Dash for the Timber,

Hi All,


Confusion!!!



419. In the traditional Japanese household, most clothing could be packed flatly, and so it was not necessary
to have elaborate closet facilities.
(A) flatly, and so it was not necessary to have elaborate closet facilities
(B) flat, and so elaborate closet facilities were unnecessary
(C) flatly, and so there was no necessity for elaborate closet facilities
(D) flat, there being no necessity for elaborate closet facilities
(E) flatly, as no elaborate closet facilities were necessary


419. In the traditional Japanese household, most clothing could be packed flatly, and so it was not necessary to have elaborate closet facilities.

(A) flatly, and so it was not necessary to have elaborate closet facilities... so 'X' to have- unidiomatic

(B) flat, and so elaborate closet facilities were unnecessary.... 'X' could be Y so Z- idiomatic

(C) flatly, and so there was no necessity for elaborate closet facilities...'there was'- wordy

(D) flat, there being no necessity for elaborate closet facilities...'being' a word always to avoided in Gmat.

(E) flatly, as no elaborate closet facilities were necessary.... "because of non availability of elaborate closet facility > japanese packed clothes flat". But correct meaning is - "japanes packed clothes flat so elaborate closets were unnecessary"


Answer in Blue with explanation in Red
And, "flat" can be used as an adverb, adjective, noun, and verb, whereas "flately" is an adverb. In given construction - "could be packed X", X must be adverb so both flatly and flat are correct here. Hence OA: B

Hope this clears your doubt.

Regards,
Neha

Hi Neha,

Thanks for the explanation.

here are some more...........


422. In three centuriesfrom 1050 to 1350several million tons of stone were quarried in France for the building of eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and some tens of thousands of parish churches.
(A) for the building of eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and some
(B) in order that they might build eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and some
(C) so as they might build eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and some
(D) so that there could be built eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and
(E) such that they could build eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and

424.Income in a single year is a very poor guide to income and wealth over even a few years, much less a lifetime; in the longer run, a tax on what people spend is therefore not much different than a tax on their income.
(A) than a tax on their income
(B) from a tax on what they earn
(C) than taxing income
(D) from the income tax
(E) than a tax on what people earn

429. Inflation in medical costs slowed in 1986 for the fifth consecutive year but were still about 50 percent greater than the rate of price increases for other items included in the consumer price index.
(A) Inflation in medical costs slowed in 1986 for the fifth consecutive year but were
(B) Inflation in medical costs slowed for the fifth consecutive year in 1986 but was
(C) In 1986 inflation in medical costs were slowed for the fifth consecutive year but were
(D) 1986 was the fifth consecutive year in which inflation in medical costs slowed but was
(E) 1986 was the fifth consecutive year that inflation in medical costs were slowed, but they were

434. International sporting events need not be fiscal disasters, the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact.
(A) the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact
(B) for example, the 1992 Olympic Games were financially successful
(C) like the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates
(D) a fact demonstrated by the 1992 Olympic Games, which were financially successful
(E) as the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates


422. In three centuries-from 1050 to 1350-several million tons of stone were quarried in France for the building of eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and some tens of thousands of parish churches.
(A) for the building of eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and some...
(B) in order that they might build eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and some
(C) so as they might build eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and some
(D) so that there could be built eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and
(E) such that they could build eighty cathedrals, five hundred large churches, and

Explanation-
The Sentnce itself is right.Choice A is best. The other choices are unidiomatic or unnecessarily wordy, and the pronoun they which appears in B,C and E has no grammatical referent.


424.Income in a single year is a very poor guide to income and wealth over even a few years, much less a lifetime; in the longer run, a tax on what people spend is therefore not much different than a tax on their income.
(A) than a tax on their income
(B) from a tax on what they earn
(C) than taxing income
(D) from the income tax
(E) than a tax on what people earn

Explanation-
Here are two problems-
1)the parallelism- a tax on what people.....from a tax on what they earn..
2) usage of correct idiom- different from...
and only choice B fixes the problem


429. Inflation in medical costs slowed in 1986 for the fifth consecutive year but were still about 50 percent greater than the rate of price increases for other items included in the consumer price index.
(A) Inflation in medical costs slowed in 1986 for the fifth consecutive year but were
(B) Inflation in medical costs slowed for the fifth consecutive year in 1986 but was
(C) In 1986 inflation in medical costs were slowed for the fifth consecutive year but were
(D) 1986 was the fifth consecutive year in which inflation in medical costs slowed but was
(E) 1986 was the fifth consecutive year that inflation in medical costs were slowed, but they were
Explanation-
Inflation is Singular so were won't come here.so that eliminates A,C and E. In D, the usage of which is not right. 'Which' is generally preceded by a comma and is used to provide some extra information about the subject. which is never used to tell an idea.


434. International sporting events need not be fiscal disasters, the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact.
(A) the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact
(B) for example, the 1992 Olympic Games were financially successful
(C) like the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates
(D) a fact demonstrated by the 1992 Olympic Games, which were financially successful
(E) as the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates

Like is used for comparison of nouns and C is idiomatic and not wordy.



And here's a ques you asked before, got the right answer for the following ques:

1. According to the professor's philosophy, the antidote to envy is one's own work, always one's own work: not thinking about it, not assessing it, but simply doing it.
(A) one's own work, always one's own work: not thinking about it, not assessing it, but simply doing it
(B) always work; because you don't think about it or assess it, you just do it
(C) always one's own work: not thinking about or assessing it, but simply to do it
(D) not to think or assess, but doing one's own work
(E) neither to think about one's own work nor to assess it, it is always simply doing it
Correct me if am wrong, i think A should be correct because the antidote to envy is one's own work can come here ,all the other option are point some where else.


the Correct answer is A-maintains parallelism-thinking,assessing,doing
D,E- Incorrect-violeates parallelism-think,assess,doing are not parallel
C- Incorrect-violates parallelism-thinking,assessing and to do it are not parallel
B- Incorrect-the antidote to envy is to work always-changes the meaning of the orginial answer.

hope this clears your doubt.

Regards,
Neha

Hi Neha,

According to OA its E

An't we comparing clause here ? its doubtful.

434. International sporting events need not be fiscal disasters, the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact.
(A) the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact
(B) for example, the 1992 Olympic Games were financially successful
(C) like the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates
(D) a fact demonstrated by the 1992 Olympic Games, which were financially successful
(E) as the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates

Hi Neha,

According to OA its E

An't we comparing clause here ? its doubtful.

434. International sporting events need not be fiscal disasters, the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact.
(A) the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates that fact
(B) for example, the 1992 Olympic Games were financially successful
(C) like the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates
(D) a fact demonstrated by the 1992 Olympic Games, which were financially successful
(E) as the financial success of the 1992 Olympic Games demonstrates


Hi Sid,

Before posting the answer, i did think it should be E. but then i felt C. now looking properly i got to know that they are presenting example. and when ever we want to give example then "such as" is better than "like" so ya it should be E only. thanks for pointing it out.

Regards,
Neha

Hi All,

Try these!!!

And please post your answers with some explanations.


440. It is an oversimplified view of cattle raising to say that all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves, corral them,
and to drive them to market when the time is ripe.
(A) all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves, corral them, and to
(B) all one has to do with cattle is to leave them alone to feed themselves, to corral them, and
(C) all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves and then corral them and
(D) the only thing that has to be done with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves, corral them, and
(E) the only thing that has to be done with cattle is to leave them alone while they feed themselves, to corral them, and

450. It takes a deft balance between savings discipline, investment knowledge, risk taking, luck, and time to raise a million dollars through investments.
(A) It takes a deft balance between
(B) Deft balancing is needed between
(C) Deftly balanced, it takes
(D) It takes a deft balance of
(E) A deft balance is what one needs among



457. John Smith provides information on the conditions that lead women to a gynecologist, and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used
in the promotion of surgery which is not needed.
(A) and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used in the promotion of surgery which is not needed
(B) noting that these conditions can be, and sometimes are, used to promote needless surgery
(C) and notes that they could and sometimes are used unnecessarily in promoting surgery
(D) sometimes promoting needless surgery
(E) which they use sometimes to promote unnecessary surgery



459. Judge Bonham denied a motion to allow members of the jury to go home at the end of each day instead of to confine them to a hotel.
(A) to allow members of the jury to go home at the end of each day instead of to confine them to
(B) that would have allowed members of the jury to go home at the end of each day instead of confined to
(C) under which members of the jury are allowed to go home at the end of each day instead of confining them in
(D) that would allow members of the jury to go home at the end of each day rather than confinement in
(E) to allow members of the jury to go home at the end of each day rather than be confined to




497. Many investors base their choice between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields to the dividends available on common stocks.
(A) between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields to
(B) among bonds and stocks on comparisons of bond yields to
(C) between bonds and stocks on comparisons of bond yields with
(D) among bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields and
(E) between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields with


440. It is an oversimplified view of cattle raising to say that all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves, corral them,
and to drive them to market when the time is ripe.
(A) all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves, corral them, and to
(B) all one has to do with cattle is to leave them alone to feed themselves, to corral them, and
(C) all one has to do with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves and then corral them and
(D) the only thing that has to be done with cattle is leave them alone while they feed themselves, corral them, and
(E) the only thing that has to be done with cattle is to leave them alone while they feed themselves, to corral them, and

Explanation-
B maintains the parallelism-
"to leave them, to coral them and to derive them".
A and C violates the parallelism.
the usage of "only thing" is wrong as talking about more than one action.


450. It takes a deft balance between savings discipline, investment knowledge, risk taking, luck, and time to raise a million dollars through investments.
(A) It takes a deft balance between
(B) Deft balancing is needed between
(C) Deftly balanced, it takes
(D) It takes a deft balance of
(E) A deft balance is what one needs among

Explanation-
Difference b/w between and among is:
Between-used to refer to relationships involving only two objects.
Among-used to refer to relationships involving more than two objects.
this eliminates A and B. C and D doesn't say what is required to say. E does that.


457. John Smith provides information on the conditions that lead women to a gynecologist, and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used
in the promotion of surgery which is not needed.
(A) and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used in the promotion of surgery which is not needed
(B) noting that these conditions can be, and sometimes are, used to promote needless surgery
(C) and notes that they could and sometimes are used unnecessarily in promoting surgery
(D) sometimes promoting needless surgery
(E) which they use sometimes to promote unnecessary surgery

Explanation-
A- Incorrect-wordy....mand sometimes are used"...Omits "be".
C,E- Incorrect-ambiguous "they"
D- Incorrect-who promotes needless surgery? Not clear...Conditions or John Smith?


459. Judge Bonham denied a motion to allow members of the jury to go home at the end of each day instead of to confine them to a hotel.
(A) to allow members of the jury to go home at the end of each day instead of to confine them to
(B) that would have allowed members of the jury to go home at the end of each day instead of confined to
(C) under which members of the jury are allowed to go home at the end of each day instead of confining them in
(D) that would allow members of the jury to go home at the end of each day rather than confinement in
(E) to allow members of the jury to go home at the end of each day rather than be confined to
Explanation-
In this sentence, members of the jury are presented with two options: they may 1) go home or 2) be confined to a hotel. The rejected motion would have allowed them to do the first rather than suffer the second. Members of the jury must be the logical subject of both options, and both must be expressed in parallel form, tha tis, as infinitive clauses. E,the best choice, observes these requirments. In A and C, the phrase memebers of the jury is not the logical subject of the second option, to confine them or confining them, since jury members are not doing the confining. In B and D, confined and confinement are not infinitives and thus do not parallel to go in the first option.


495. Madagascar was one of the last habitable areas of the earth to undergo human settlement, which has made it an ideal site for researching rare flora and fauna.
(A) Madagascar was one of the last habitable areas of the earth to undergo human settlement, which has made it
(B) Madagascar was one of the last habitable areas of the earth to have undergone human settlement, and that has made it
(C) Madagascar underwent human settlement as one of the last habitable areas of the earth, which makes it
(D) Madagascar, one of the last habitable areas of the earth, underwent human settlement, making it
(E) Because Madagascar was one of the last habitable areas of the earth to undergo human settlement, it is
Explanation-
Had to search for this answer. Answer is E. and i'm not happy with the answer. and the reason it is E is cause-E correctly expresses the cause and effect relation with because.


497. Many investors base their choice between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields to the dividends available on common stocks.
(A) between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields to
(B) among bonds and stocks on comparisons of bond yields to
(C) between bonds and stocks on comparisons of bond yields with
(D) among bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields and
(E) between bonds and stocks on comparing bond yields with

Explanation-
correct answer is (C)..
as correct idiom is "compare with", (A) (B) and (D) are out.
B and D are out cause we are talking about two things- bonds and stocks so Between is required here and and not among.
now between (C) and (E), (C) is correct because u can "base ur decision on "comparisons" (noun) rather than on "comparing" (verb)


Answers in Blue.


Regards,
Neha

There was confusion about the answers for the following ques, i have searched through net and here are the right answers with the explanation:



374. In December of 1987 an automobile manufacturer pleaded no contest to criminal charges of odometer tampering and agreed to pay more than $16 million in civil damages for cars that were test-driven with their odometers disconnected.

(A) cars that were test-driven with their odometers disconnected... He did not pay for the cars, but for driving the cars with odometers disconnected..
(B) cars that it had test-driven with their disconnected odometers...it has no referent
(C) its cars having been test-driven with disconnected odometers...same as B
(D) having test-driven cars with their odometers disconnected
(E) having cars that were test-driven with disconnected odometers...same as A....except that here it shows the he had cars..
Confusion b/w E and D (OA-D)


378. In feudal Europe, urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and commuted to farmlands in the countryside, unlike homesteading policies in the American West that required residency on the land itself in order to obtain eventual ownership.

(A) In feudal Europe, urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and commuted to farmlands in the countryside, unlike homesteading policies in the American West that
(B) In feudal Europe, urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and from which they commuted to farmlands in the countryside, but in the American West homesteading policies
(C) Unlike feudal Europe where urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and commuted to farmlands in the countryside, the American Wests homesteading policies
(D) Unlike feudal Europe where urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived and commuted to farmlands in the countryside, the homesteading policies of the American West
(E) Urban areas developed from clusters of houses where peasants lived from which they commuted to farmlands in the countryside in feudal Europe, unlike the American West where homesteading policies

Confusion b/w A and B (OA-B)
Explanation-
the best choice is B--correctly comparing feudal Europe to America West
A,C,D--Incorrect--comparing Europe to Policies
E--Incorrect-Awkward.


379. In good years, the patchwork of green fields that surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of them in the area just for the season.
(A) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of them
(B) surrounds the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of whom are
(C) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many of who are
(D) surround the San Joaquin Valley town bustle with farm workers, many of which
(E) surrounds the San Joaquin Valley town bustles with farm workers, many are

Confusion b/w B and A (OA- A)
Explanation-
B is flawless.The subject of the sentence is "patchwork", not "green fields". Whenever there's an "of" in the subject, you can generally ignore everything attached to it.
So, the sentence really reads:

"The patchwork... surrounds..."

which is gramatically correct.

and

"Them" could refer to the fields or the workers. "Whom" must refer to people, so is unambiguous: choose (b).


381. In his eagerness to find a city worthy of Priam, the German archaeologist Schliemann cut through Troy and uncovered a civilization a thousand years older as was the city Homers heroes knew.
(A) older as was the city Homers heroes knew
(B) more ancient than the city known to Homers heroes
(C) older than was the city known to Homers heroes
(D) more ancient of a city than Homers heroes knew
(E) older of a city than was the one known to Homers heroes

Confusion b/w C and B (OA B)

Explanation-

Everytime you see a comparison question in GMAT make sure the things being compared are parallel.
In the idiom 'more X than Y' both X&Y; should be parallel.

Now in this question the 2 things being compared are civilization and city. Between options B & C only option B is parallel.

uncovered a civilization a... more ancient than the city known to Homer's heroes

In option C 'a civilization' and 'was the city' are not parallel.


383. In his work, Leon Forrest is more reminiscent of Henry Millers obsessive narratives and Toni Morrisons mythic languages than James Joyces internal explorations.
(A) In his work, Leon Forrest is more reminiscent of
(B) Leon Forrest writes more like
(C) Leon Forrests work is more reminiscent of
(D) Leon Forrest reminds one more of
(E) Leon Forrests work more resembles that of

Confusion b/w E and C (OA -C)
Explanation-
'Reminiscent of' is an adj which means 'reminding of' or 'bringing to mind something else' It should follow a noun as in the sentence: "Your experience reminds me of one I had a year ago".

Therefore, in answering this question we can rule out all answers (A,B,D) which refer to Leon Forrest, not his work. E is out because 'resembles', although similar to 'reminds' does't mean the same thing.

So, I think that the correct answer is C, because it refers to Leon Forrest's work and uses 'reminiscent of' correctly.

And also in the sentence we are talking about:work of Henry Miller, Toni Morrison and James Joyce by using the possessive case. so that also indicates that we are talking about Leon Forrest's work and not Leon Forrest.


Hope this clears all the confusion.
I'm sure the answers are right and go by the rules.
As i said before, the OAs can be wrong. so don't only check the answer keys but check why one answer is right/wrong.
and it you would be great if you could underline the incosistent part in the question.

Regards,
Neha

Hi,


Some more doubts!!!


A or C ?

504. Marketing researchers have found that, because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as Northeasterners, the two varieties of commercially prepared coleslaw most popular in New York City and Boston are virtually ignored by consumers in Richmond and Raleigh.
(A) because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as
(B) because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage with
(C) because many residents of the Southeast do not have the same ethnic heritage as
(D) due to many residents of the Southeast not sharing the same ethnic heritage with
(E) whereas many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as
As /like?

513. More than thirty years ago Dr. Barbara Mc-Clintock, the Nobel Prize winner, reported that genes can jump, as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another.
(A) as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another
(B) like pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another
(C) as pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to others
(D) like pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to others
(E) as do pearls that move mysteriously from one necklace to some other one

C or E?

521. Most teen-agers who work for pay hold jobs that require few skills, little responsibility, and also no hope for career advancement.
(A) little responsibility, and also
(B) little responsibility, and with
(C) little responsibility, and offer
(D) carry little responsibility, and
(E) carry little responsibility, and offer

C,D OR E?

523. Ms. Chambers is among the forecasters who predict that the rate of addition to arable lands will drop while those of loss rise.
(A) those of loss rise
(B) it rises for loss
(C) those of losses rise
(D) the rate of loss rises
(E) there are rises for the rate of loss


504. Marketing researchers have found that, because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as Northeasterners, the two varieties of commercially prepared coleslaw most popular in New York City and Boston are virtually ignored by consumers in Richmond and Raleigh.
(A) because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as
(B) because many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage with
(C) because many residents of the Southeast do not have the same ethnic heritage as
(D) due to many residents of the Southeast not sharing the same ethnic heritage with
(E) whereas many residents of the Southeast do not share the same ethnic heritage as

Explanation-
One doesn't share a heritage/background as someone else, One has the same background/heritage as someone else.
"C" is the only choice which uses "....have the same ethnic heritage as...."


513. More than thirty years ago Dr. Barbara Mc-Clintock, the Nobel Prize winner, reported that genes can "jump," as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another.
(A) as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another
(B) like pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to another
(C) as pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to others
(D) like pearls do that move mysteriously from one necklace to others
(E) as do pearls that move mysteriously from one necklace to some other one

Explanation-
Look at this: genes can jump as pearls- this tells us that the pearls are practically jumping from one necklace to another. But this is not possible.

If you take the usage of "like" which can also be used as "similar to" it makes more sense in saying that genes can jump similar to pearls moving. ..

When the focus of comparison is between noun or noun doing actions- use Like.
and when the focus of comparison is verb/action of two nouns- use As.


521. Most teen-agers who work for pay hold jobs that require few skills, little responsibility, and also no hope for career advancement.
(A) little responsibility, and also
(B) little responsibility, and with
(C) little responsibility, and offer
(D) carry little responsibility, and
(E) carry little responsibility, and offer

Had to search for this one.tricked me. good ques. anyhow, the explanation is:
E is the right answer.
sometimes for questions like this, we are tempted to pick C. but C is wrong becaue the ommission of another verb before responsibility indicates that the verb require as used must be used for responsibilty.
So the sentence reads ,
Most teen-agers who work for pay hold jobs that require few skills, require little responsibility, and also require no hope for career advancement

Since wer can't use require for all three activities as the statement stands we need different verbs for all three, require few skills, carry little responsiblity and offer........


523. Ms. Chambers is among the forecasters who predict that the rate of addition to arable lands will drop while those of loss rise.
(A) those of loss rise
(B) it rises for loss
(C) those of losses rise
(D) the rate of loss rises
(E) there are rises for the rate of loss

Explanation-
the best answer is D.Choice D uses the idiomatic and clear construction the rate of addition ...will drop while the rate of loss rises. choice E supplies the idiomatic expression but introduces it with the unidiomatic and wordy -there are rises for.


Hope this clears your doubt.

Regards,
Neha