[scorpionsudhir]

OA FOR RC-10:

1. Ans.(2). Options (2) is the correct one, for the third paragraph states it. Options (1) and (3) are not true, for the
opening line of the third paragraph and the second and third lines of the last paragraph state their opposite. Option (4)
is incorrect.
2. Ans.(1). Options (2), (3) and (4) find their place in the passage. The last paragraph, the third paragraph and the
second paragraph all state and validate them. Option (1) falls out, for the opening line of the passage states the
opposite of it. Hence option (1) is the sought one.
3. Ans.(3). Option (3) is in place for the second paragraph states that ‘appearance’ is neither interior or exterior, there is
equality in exterior and interior appearance. None of them is privileged. The remaining options (1) and (2) are incorrect,
as per the passage, and option (4) is not stated in the passage.
4. Ans.(4). Each of the options (1), (2) and (3) is present in the passage. The first paragraph states and upholds them.
All of them are sought, however, option (4), their combination is the appropriate one.
5. Ans.(3). Each of the options (1), (2) and (4) are false, for the passage does not state them or imply them. Option (3)
is in place and is endorsed by the third paragraph. Option (3) is the one sought.
6. Ans.(3). Options (1) and (2) are wrong. The last paragraph refutes it. Option (3) is in place as the third sentence in the
last paragraph states it.
7. Ans.(1). The passage is about dualism occupying the prime position in modern thought. The passage elaborates the
idea of dualism. Option (1) best represents this and is the suitable title for the passage. The remaining options are not
apt titles for the passage does not portray them.
8. Ans.(2). The passage is not satiric, descriptive or intuitive. Deductions are made from certain notions and conclusions
arrived at. Hence option (2) is the appropriate one and options (1), (3) and (4) are incorrect.
9. Ans.(3). Clearly, the passage is on philosophy. Option (3) is intact. The remaining options (1), (2) and (4) are not
correct.
10. Ans.(4). None of the options (1), (2) and (3) describes the idea of dualism, as explained in the passage. Options (1),
(2) and (3) are not apt, leading to option (4) getting the tick.

[sayanddude]

RC-10:
Here`s my take:--
1) 2
2) 4
3) 3
4) 4
5) 4
6) 3
7) 1
8 ) 2
9) 3
10) 3
Time taken--> 11 minutes

[scorpionsudhir]

RC-11:

Nothingness must be given at the heart of Being, in order for us to be able to apprehend that particular type of realities which
we have called negatites. But this intra-mundane Nothingness cannot be produced by Being-in-itself; the notion of Being as full
positivity does not contain Nothingness as one of its structures. We cannot even say that Being excludes it. Being lacks all
relation with it. Hence the question which is put to us now with a particular urgency: if Nothingness can be conceived neither
outside of Being, nor in terms of Being, and if on the other hand, since it is non-being, it cannot derive from itself the necessary
force to “nihilate itself,” where does Nothingness come from?
If we wish to pursue the problem further, we must first recognize that we cannot grant to nothingness the property ', of
“nihilating itself.” For although the expression “to nihilate itself” is thought of as removing from nothingness the last semblance of
being, we must recognize that only Being can nihilate itself; however it comes about, in order to nihilate itself, it must be. But
Nothingness is not. If we can speak of it, it is only because it possesses an appearance of being, a borrowed being, as we have
noted above. Nothingness is not, Nothingness “is made-to-be,” Nothingness does not nihilate itself; Nothingness “is nihilated.” It
follows therefore that there must exist a Being (this cannot be the In itself) of which the property is to nihilate Nothingness, to
support it in its being, to sustain it perpetually in its very existence, a being by which nothingness comes to things. But how can
this Being be related to Nothingness so that through it Nothingness comes to things? We must observe first that the being
postulated cannot be passive in relation to Nothingness, cannot receive it; Nothingness could not come to this being except
through another Being-which would be an infinite regress. But on the other hand, the Being by which Nothingness comes to the
world cannot produce Nothingness while remaining indifferent to that production-like the Stoic cause which produces its effect
without being itself changed It would be inconceivable that a Being which is full positivity should maintain and create outside itself
a Nothingness or transcendent being, for there would be nothing in Being by which Being could surpass itself towards Non- Being.
The Being by which Nothingness arrives in the world must nihilate Nothingness in its Being, and even so it still runs the risk of
establishing Nothingness as a transcendent in the very heart of immanence unless it nihilates Nothingness in its being in connection
with its own being. The Being by which Nothingness arrives in the world is a being such that in its Being, the Nothingness of its
Being is in question. The being by which Nothingness comes to the world must be its own Nothingness. By this we must understand
not a nihilating act, which would require in turn a foundation in Being, but an ontological characteristic of the Being required. It
remains to learn in what delicate, exquisite region of Being we shall encounter that Being which is its own Nothingness.We shall be helped in our inquiry by a more complete examination of the conduct which served us as a point of departure. We
must return to the question. We have seen, it may be recalled, that every question, in essence, posits the possibility of a
negative reply. In a question we question a being about its being or its way of being. This way of being or this being is veiled;
there always remains the possibility that it may unveil itself as a Nothingness. But from the very fact that we presume that an
Existent can always be revealed as nothing, every question supposes that we realize a nihilating withdrawal in relation to the
given, which becomes a simple presentation, fluctuating between being and Nothingness.
It is essential therefore that the questioner have the permanent possibility of dissociating himself from the causal series which
constitutes being and which can produce only being. If we admitted that the question is determined in the questioner by universal
determinism, the question would thereby become unintelligible and even inconceivable. A real cause, in fact, produces a real
effect and the caused being is wholly engaged by the cause in positivity; to the extent that its being depends on the cause, it
cannot have within itself the tiniest germ of nothingness. Thus in so far as the questioner must be able to effect in relation to the
questioned a kind of nihilating withdrawal, he is not subject to the causal order of the world; he detaches himself from Being. This
means that by a double movement of nihilation he nihilates the thing questioned in relation to himself by placing it in a neutral
state, between being and non-being-and that he nihilates himself in relation to the thing questioned by wrenching himself from
being in order to be able to bring out of himself the possibility of a non-being. Thus in posing a question, a certain negative
element is introduced into the world. We see nothingness making the world iridescent, casting a shimmer over things. But at the
same time the question emanates from a questioner who, in order to motivate himself in his being as one who questions,
disengages himself from being. This disengagement is then, by definition, a human process. Man presents himself at least in this
instance as a being who causes Nothingness to arise in the world, inasmuch as he himself is affected with non-being to this end.

[scorpionsudhir]

sorry..wrong post..

[scorpionsudhir]

11. All of the following are in place, as far as the passage is concerned, except that :
(1) a real cause produces a real effect.
(2) in posing a question, a certain negative element is introduced into the world.
(3) ‘Nothingness’ is, ‘nothingness’ is ‘not made to be’.
(4) ‘Being’ lacks all relationship with ‘Nothingness’.
12. As per the passage, if universal determinism in the questioner’s mind determines the question, then :
(1) the questioner associates himself with the causal series which constitutes and produces ‘being’.
(2) the question would become unintelligible and even inconceivable.
(3) ‘being’ becomes ‘nothing’, ‘nothingness’ is questioned.
(4) disengagement is a human process.
13. As per the passage, every question has the possibility of a :
(1) counter question.
(2) sincere and intense search for an answer.
(3) misunderstanding created between the poser and the person to whom the question is posed.
(4) negative reply.
14. According to the passage, ‘Nothingness’ :
(1) ‘is nihilated’.
(2) does not come from anything.
(3) does not nihilate itself.
(4) All except (2).
15. The central idea of the passage is that :
(1) the ‘being’ by which ‘Nothingness’ comes to the world must be its own ‘Nothingness’.
(2) man is a ‘being’ causing ‘Nothingness’ to arise in the world.
(3) An ‘existent’ can always be revealed as ‘something’.
(4) ‘Being’ has an exquisite relationship with ‘nothingness’.
16. The author has handled the passage with a mix of :
(1) metaphysics and mathematics.
(2) psychology and human biology.
(3) philosophy and logic.
(4) morality and sociology.
17. Which of the following would go against the viewpoint of the author, as expressed in the passage ?
(1) The caused ‘being’ has its ‘being’ depending on the ‘cause’.
(2) The caused ‘being’ can have, within itself, the tiniest germ of ‘nothingness’.
(3) The caused ‘being’ is wholly engaged by the ‘cause’ in positivity.
(4) None of the above.


18. A suitable title for the passage is :
(1) Existence And Nothingness. (2) Cause And Effect.
(3) Being And Nothingness. (4) Nihilation By ‘Nothingness’.
19. The passage is at best an adaptation from :
(1) notings of a psychologist wanting to arrive at certain behavioural characteristics.
(2) the musings of a noted thinker cum philosopher.
(3) the best essay on ‘Being Nothing’ by a student of first year.
(4) the conclusions of sociologists studying changes in human mindset.
20. Which of the following is false with respect to the viewpoint expressed in the passage ?
(1) ‘Nothingness’ makes the world irsidiscent, casting a shimmer over things.
(2) A questioner is not subject to the causal order of the world, he detaches himself from ‘Being’.
(3) ‘Nothingness’ is spoken about as it is a ‘borrowed being’, possessing an appearance of a ‘being’.
(4) Man least presents as a ‘being’ causing ‘Nothingness’ to arise in the world inasmuch as being affected by ‘non-being’ to
this end.

[subash_r]

Originally Posted by scorpionsudhir

RC-11:

My take..

11.3--
12.2--
13.4--
14.4--
15.2--
16.3--
17.2--
18.3--
19.3--
20.2

[scorpionsudhir]

One additional RC for weekend.

RC-12:

In the societies dominated by muscle power and money power, men determined the conditions governing the terms of
relationship between man and woman. Since men fought the wars and ran the enterprises of industrial production, they arrogated
themselves to superior position and gave women a subordinate role in social and economic activity of communities. Marxists and
liberal thinkers of the 19th and 20th Century raised their voice against the long standing harassment of women and advocated
equality for women. It took long for these ideas to fructify in legislation. Women were given right to vote in 1921 in the imperialist
England.
The first half of the Twentieth Century saw the mergence of a series of protest movements in many countries of the world
aimed at securing equality for women. In Europe and United States, women obtained legal equality. The Communist regimes of
U.S.S.R. and China were committed to liberation of women and assigned greater role to them in ushering in an egalitarian society.
Women’s participation in the labour force registered impressive increases. But the emancipation of women was overlooked by
many conservative countries of Asia and Africa.
Of late, a new way of thinking has emerged in many democratic countries of the world, seeking a more effective role for the
woman in society. The accent of feminine movements has undergone a qualitative shift from the strategy of securing emancipation
of women to facilitating empowerment of women. Mere equality for women is not sufficient. Since most of the institutions of
society are dominated by man, the concept of legal equality of women has not been able to demolish the traditional prejudices
nurtured by man regarding unsuitability of women to hold top positions in industry, business, politics, scientific establishments
and even in academics and arts. The physiologists and psychologists have repeatedly demonstrated through scientific tests and
experiments that women are not inferior to men in intellectual capacity or emotional stability and can perform as well as men in
social and economic activities. Since the life and career of most women is still guided by men, they are not able to direct their lives
and make sufficient efforts for impressive achievements.
The empowerment of women aims at giving women power to exercise autonomy over their destiny. They will refuse to submit
to the conventions that bind them to the four walls of the house and to a subservient role in the bringing up of the family. They
will seek a more active role in the bringing up of the family. They will seek a more active role in the shaping and grooming of the
children than the current role of cooking food for them and giving them emotional sustenance by their unconditional love and
affection. For playing a greater role in the family and society, they have to shape up their personality through education.
Moreover, economic self sufficiency is a precondition for empowerment of women. Women should seek careers for earning money
as well as for recognition, growth and self-actualisation. They will not aim at merely supplementing the income of their husbands.
They must make a fuller use of their talents and skills to secure for themselves and their children the best of nutrition, education
and cultural life.
The social position of women is determined by their economic position. In spite of extensive legislation providing equal
inheritance to women in the paternal property, most property still remains in the constructive as well as legal control of men.
Vigorous efforts should be made to transfer the property in name of women who rightfully own the land. Effective monitoring of
the progress in this regard can accelerate the process. The title of women to land should be publicly displayed in the offices of
Panchayat bodies so that effective intervention can be made if their rights are encroached upon.
Notions of women's inferiority thrive on ignorance. Achievements made by women in the field of science, academics, public
services, literature and politics should be widely publicised to mould public perception. Their practical sense, aesthetic taste and
capacity to love and care should be appreciated by the society.
When women face discrimination on ground of getting lower wages or denial of educational opportunity, they have to
organise themselves and demand equality. They may also seek legal aid and fight for restoration of their rights. They can enlist
the support of existing organisation in this cause or may set up their own legal aid groups.
A more active role in local bodies and state politics will accelerate the process of empowerment of women. In India, reservation
of 30% seats for women in Panchayat bodies has already been made. This provision, if fully utilised, can offer them an enhanced
role in village affairs and will add to their strength in fighting against sexual discrimination.
In South-Asiian countries women's role in agriculture operation has been crucial particularly in paddy-transplanting and
harvesting. Moreover, the dairy, fishery, poultry and piggery depend heavily on women's labour. Seeing that credit institutions
have generally passed them by, women in Bangladesh have effectively organised themselves into co-operatives and secured
substantial financial assistance from the Gramina Banks there. They have improved their economic condition and have become a
source of strength to their children. The Bangladesh experiment can be replicated in countries like India with profit.

[scorpionsudhir]

1. According to the passage, the author: (1) has doubts on the empowerment of women.
(2) genuinely believes in and fights for women empowerment.
(3) has opined that women are themselves to blame for the stature enjoyed in society.
(4) has invalidated the relationship of the economic position of women with their social position.
2. All of the following are true, with respect to the passage, except that :
(1) women in Bangladesh have improved their economic condition and have become a source of strength to their children.
(2) economic self sufficiency is a precondition for empowerment of women.
(3) social position of women is determined by their economic position.
(4) women empowerment thrives on notions of the inferiority of women.
3. The main aim of women empowerment, as per the passage, is :
(1) to promote their efficiency and improve their skills.
(2) to make the society acknowledge the pivotal role they have been discharging diligently all these years.
(3) to enable the women to exercise autonomy over their destiny.
(4) to give them the opportunity to learn, train and expertise.
4. The position of women in society, as per the passage, is :
(1) because of the arrogance of men in doing certain activities that are not possible to be done by women.
(2) because of the lack of knowledge, exposure and training.
(3) because of the fickleminded nature of women.
(4) because of their lack of stamina to do heavy jobs.
5. The passage advocates women to seek career because :
(1) they would acquire recognition, growth and self actualisation.
(2) it would make them assertive and aggressive.
(3) they would appreciate the conditions in which men work.
(4) children derive great inspiration from working mothers.
6. Which of the following is not true, as per the passage ?
(1) Nature has ordained women to play second fiddle to men.
(2) Women are not inferior to men in intellectual capacity or emotional stability.
(3) Women’s empowerment is confined to merely securing equality for women.
(4) Notions on women’s inferiority are based on ignorance.
7. A suitable title for the passage could be :
(1) Men And Women Perform Different Roles.
(2) Discrimination And Injustice Done To Women.
(3) Empowerment Of Women.
(4) Men Are Stronger Than Women.
8. The passage is at best an extract from :
(1) an article on ‘Women’s subjugation to Men’.
(2) an essay on ‘Ways and means of uplifting Women’.
(3) a report on the proceedings of the conference held to discuss women’s rights.
(4) a debate on ‘Who is more cruel -Man or Woman ?
9. The author, while handling the passage, has displayed :
(1) bias towards man. (2) antipathy towards women.
(3) an objective approach. (4) ignorance of key issues.
10. The passage related to :
(1) morality. (2) sociology.
(3) political science. (4) psychology.

[prateek7563]

Rc 12:

1. 2

2. 4

3. 3

4 . 1

5. 4

6 . 1

7. 3

8. 2

9. 3

10. 2

[kinscool]

Originally Posted by scorpionsudhir

One additional RC for weekend.

RC-12:
.

my shot:
2
4
3
2
1
1
3
2
3
2