[adityacooool]

Originally Posted by Swatiphadnis

OH Thanx!
m happy m getting tons of passeges oops i m running out of time to solve them all...!
also
" its not about my bike_ its about my life journey - Lace Amstrong.
"lance armstrong "
i too m reading his bicycle journey its interesting as I reached till his tournament where he asks his mom to join! really nice book..but m really having doubt how reading such books will help in CAT?

Swati,
first and the foremost, ANY reading will help u in CAT. be it a book or a flier.
and as for these kinda books, they are to be used to self motivate. try and look for the qualities that u liked in Lance armstrong and would YOU like to inculcate them in urself.
these books jus help you make a better person out of urself.

[ideacrash]

sorry double post

[ideacrash]

Originally Posted by Swatiphadnis

OH Thanx!
m happy m getting tons of passeges oops i m running out of time to solve them all...!
also
" its not about my bike_ its about my life journey - Lace Amstrong.
"lance armstrong "
i too m reading his bicycle journey its interesting as I reached till his tournament where he asks his mom to join! really nice book..but m really having doubt how reading such books will help in CAT?

See till last year i had not even read a single book, so reading was always a big head ache for me . then one of my friend referred me to read " the Fountain Head " - this is suppossed to be a world famous book. but i was not even avle to read first 3 pages. Nothing was going into my head. So then i started reading the easy stuff. like some self help books. in which i was able to grasp something .

My first book was "Five point some one". I was able to complete it so i felt happy and got little confidence.

sometimes we think , i go to office , work late ...... this that . and crib for all silly things . If u read this u would able to refrase the defenition of " problems" . and u would get hte confidence that nothing can stop us if we have the desire and belief . what i am trying to say is , it will hepl u to mature , grow intellectually and also see the world in others perspective. Life see too short , we cannot experience everything, so by reading his experience would be yours .

And how does it help for CAT. If it can motivate u to get up early in the morning and study for CAT. Half the battle won. If it makes u believe in yourself ,ur abilities , then its worth the time u spent of on that book , instead of brushing of some quant formulas again .

[*~Sanaa~*]

hey guys i m reading "monk who sold the ferrari" its gud haan.....

[Swatiphadnis]

ya !
thats true .
we always get something after reading a book no doubt in that.
dont knw why but i thought i must give proper direction to my reading,
so all my reading should be coveted around tag..."Useful to CAT"
thats it!
no matter will surely keep reading ,
Thanx again.

[ideacrash]

Originally Posted by *~Sanaa~*

hey guys i m reading "monk who sold the ferrari" its gud haan.....

ya its a good read , has a tinge of spirutuality . I really dont know how to judge a book .

what i was thinking is " if the book is capable of making u sit infront of it for hours " then its worth reading . Since we are preparing for cat " we got to read books which has the capability of throwing us out with in the first few pages .

But be careful in selecting the books. the language of the author should be good .

[ideacrash]

Originally Posted by Swatiphadnis

ya !
thats true .
we always get something after reading a book no doubt in that.
dont knw why but i thought i must give proper direction to my reading,
so all my reading should be coveted around tag..."Useful to CAT"
thats it!
no matter will surely keep reading ,
Thanx again.

Last year even i was thinking the same "all my reading should be coveted around tag..."Useful to CAT" but i think this became my weak link to clear CAT with flying colours. May be thats the difference between most of the cat crackers and me . ( being a voracious reader.) so hae decided to read what ever i get . i have subscribed to business world also , lets see . what happens ?

But my biggest worry right now is , my career is going haywire.

[Swatiphadnis]

gr8 wish u all the very best
I dnt knw much abt CAT as its my first attempt will surely learn from ur experiance.
I too trying to catch as much as possible,economic times,hindu,times,frontline,businessweek,oops but hardly get time to read all they just make me worry that i didnt read them all oops thats bad so
decided to go for selective intesive reading.

[Da_Vicki]

Originally Posted by Swatiphadnis

ya !
thats true .
we always get something after reading a book no doubt in that.
dont knw why but i thought i must give proper direction to my reading,
so all my reading should be coveted around tag..."Useful to CAT"
thats it!
no matter will surely keep reading ,
Thanx again.

A japanese proverb : "Just cause one can read he should not read everything tht comes his/her way". All i want 2 say is b sensible in selecting books that u read....

[shankey_595]

RC1:

The antigen-antibody immunological reaction used to be regarded as typical of immunological responses. Antibodies are proteins synthesized by specialized cells called plasma cells, which are formed by lymphocytes (cells from the lymph system) when an antigen, a substance foreign to the organism’s body, comes in contact with lymphocytes. Two important manifestations of antigen-antibody immunity are lysis, the rapid physical rupture of antigenic cells and the liberation of their contents into the surrounding medium, and phagocytosis, a process in which antigenic particles are engulfed by and very often digested by macrophages and polymorphs. The process of lysis is executed by a complex and unstable blood constituent known as complement, which will not work unless it is activated by a specific antibody; the process of phagocytosis is greatly facilitated when the particles to be engulfed are coated by a specific antibody directed against them.
The reluctance to—abandon this hypothesis, however well it explains specific processes, impeded new research, and for many years antigens and antibodies dominated the thoughts of immunologists so completely that those immunologists overlooked certain difficulties. Perhaps the primary difficulty with the antigen-antibody explanation is the informational problem of how an antigen is recognized and how a structure exactly complementary to it is then synthesized. When molecular biologists discovered, moreover, that such information cannot flow from protein to protein, but only from nucleic acid to protein, the theory that an antigen itself provided the mold that directed the synthesis of an antibody had to be seriously qualified. The attempts at qualification and the information provided by research in molecular biology led scientists to realize that a second immunological reaction is mediated through the lymphocytes that are hostile to and bring about the destruction of the antigen. This type of immunological response is called cell-mediated immunity.
Recent research in cell-mediated immunity has been concerned not only with the development of new and better vaccines, but also with the problem of transplanting tissues and organs from one organism to another, for although circulating antibodies play a part in the rejection of transplanted tissues, the primary role is played by cell-mediated reactions. During cell-mediated responses, receptor sites on specific lymphocytes and surface antigens on the foreign tissue cells form a complex that binds the lymphocytes to the tissue. Such lymphocytes do not give rise to antibody-producing plasma cells but themselves bring about the death of the foreign-tissue cells, probably by secreting a variety of substances, some of which are toxic to the tissue cells and some of which stimulate increased phagocytic activity by white blood cells of the macrophage type. Cell-mediated immunity also accounts for the destruction of intracellular parasites.
1. The author is primarily concerned with
(A) proving that immunological reactions do not involve antibodies
(B) establishing that most immunological reactions involve antigens
(C) criticizing scientists who will not change their theories regarding immunology
(D) analyzing the importance of cells in fighting disease
(E) explaining two different kinds of immunological reactions
2. The author argues that the antigen-antibody explanation of immunity “had to seriously qualified” (line 37) because
(A) antibodies were found to activate unstable components in the blood
(B) antigens are not exactly complementary to antibodies
(C) lymphocytes have the ability to bind to the surface of antigens
(D) antibodies are synthesized from protein whereas antigens are made from nucleic acid
(E) antigens have no apparent mechanism to direct the formation of an antibody
3. The author most probably believes that the antigen-antibody theory of immunological reaction.
(A) is wrong
(B) was accepted without evidence
(C) is unverifiable
(D) is a partial explanation
(E) has been a divisive issue among scientists
4. The author mentions all of the following as being involved in antigen-antibody immunological reactions EXCEPT the
(A) synthesis of a protein
(B) activation of complement in the bloodstream
(C) destruction of antibodies
(D) entrapment of antigens by macrophages
(E) formation of a substance with a structure complementary to that of an antigen
5. The passage contains information that would answer which of the following questions about cell-mediated immunological reactions?
I. Do lymphocytes form antibodies during cell-mediated immunological reactions?
II. Why are lymphocytes more hostile to antigens during cell-mediated immunological reactions than are other cell groups?
III. Are cell-mediated reactions more pronounced after transplants than they are after parasites have invaded the organism?
(A) I only
(B) I and II only
(C) I and III only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
6. The passage suggests that scientists might not have developed the theory of cell-mediated immunological reactions if
(A) proteins existed in specific group types
(B) proteins could have been shown to direct the synthesis of other proteins
(C) antigens were always destroyed by proteins
(D) antibodies were composed only of protein
(E) antibodies were the body’s primary means of resisting disease
7. According to the passage, antibody-antigen and cell-mediated immunological reactions both involve which of the following processes?
I. The destruction of antigens
II. The creation of antibodies
III. The destruction of intracellular parasites
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) III only
(D) I and II only
(E) II and III only
8. The author supports the theory of cell-mediated reactions primarily by
(A) pointing out a contradiction in the assumption leading to the antigen-antibody theory
(B) explaining how cell mediation accounts for phenomena that the antigen-antibody theory cannot account for
(C) revealing new data that scientists arguing for the antigen-antibody theory have continued to ignore
(D) showing that the antigen-antibody theory fails to account for the breakup of antigens
(E) demonstrating that cell mediation explains lysis and phagocytosis more fully than the antigen-antibody theory does





just answer the questions with the specific reasons try to eliminate the options ??
so write in what do u think