India has been trying to gain entry into the Nuclear
Suppliers Group (NSG), a 48 member grouping that was formed after India's 1974
nuclear test with the aim of ensuring non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and
nuclear technology. The 48 members of the NSG include the five nuclear weapon
states, US, UK, France, China and Russia. The other 43 are signatories to the
Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT). India is not a signatory to the NPT and
calls it discriminatory.
It was civil nuclear deal with US, concluded in 2008,
that paved the way for India's application as a member of NSG. India's
commitment to separate its civilian and military nuclear programmes and its non
proliferation records which ensures that its indigenously developed technology
is not shared with other countries works in its favour.
With India
committed to reducing dependence on fossil fuels and ensuring that 40% of its
energy is sourced from renewable and clean sources, there is a pressing need to
scale up nuclear power production. This can only happen if India gains access
to the NSG.
India could sign the Nuclear non Proliferation Treaty but
that would mean giving up its entire nuclear arsenal. Given that it is situated
in an unstable and unpredictable neighbourhood India is unlikely to sign the
NPT or accede to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) that puts curbs on
any further nuclear tests.
With access to latest technology, India can
commercialize the production of nuclear power equipments. This will boost
innovation and high tech manufacturing in India and can be leveraged for
economic and strategic benefits. This could also give the Make in India programme
a big boost.
China is pushing to include Pakistan as well as
pointing out that India as a non signatory to the NPT cannot be a member. It
comes down to a power game as China's main motive is to keep India out and deny
its access to various technologies. India's contention is that its nuclear
technologies are indigenously developed and it has a clean non proliferation
record unlike Pakistan whose non proliferation record was tainted with the
revelations that its nuclear scientist sold nuclear technologies to countries
such as North Korea.
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