Official Quant thread for CAT 2013

@IIMAIM said:
question says u have to consider all 1,2,3 in four digit number generated then how could u take 3 digits same?
Question is like this: 'Find the Number of ways of forming a 4 digit number using 1,2,3 ?'
Nowhere it is stated that we have to use 'all' the digits.
@abhishek.2011 said:
ok now do this question in this wayhow many 4 digit numbers can be formed with 1,2,3 (any digit can repeat itself any number of times)
3^4=81
@iLoveTorres said:
why have you considered the number of digits as 9? 0-9=10 right? now subtracting the case of 0 you get 9 possibilities

Oh that's not number of digits. That is the sum of digits. I have a sum of digits of 9, which has to be distributed into the 4 available "boxes" or "groups" such that the first box is not empty...

regards
scrabbler

@vijay_chandola said:
Question is like this: 'Find the Number of ways of forming a 4 digit number using 1,2,3 ?'Nowhere it is stated that we have to use 'all' the digits.
sorry friend i have edited the question a few seconds after i have posted , But it is carried away in quotes, In your case the answer is 3^4
@scrabbler said:
Oh that's not number of digits. That is the sum of digits. I have a sum of digits of 9, which has to be distributed into the 4 available "boxes" or "groups" such that the first box is not empty...regardsscrabbler
thanks bro 😃
@IIMAIM said:
Find the Number of ways of forming a 4 digit number using 1,2,3 in every number generated ?
when all digits are same -> 3c1 = 3 numbers...
when three digits are same -> 3c1*4!/3! = 12 numbers..
when any 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are different -> 3c1*4!/2! = 36 numbers...
when 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are also same -> 3c1*2c1*4!/2!^2 = 36 numbers...

total = 3+12+36*2 = 87??

-----------------------

ok it says 1,2,3 in every number generated means we need to use 1,2 and 3 in every number..

when 2 digits are same and other 2 are different -> 36 numbers...

so is the answer 36 or 87?? @IIMAIM
@IIMAIM said:
3^4=81
yup
all same 3
2 same 18+36
3 same 24
3+18+36+24=81
or in laymans way 3^4=81
@Logrhythm said:
when all digits are same -> 3c1 = 3 numbers...when three digits are same -> 3c1*4!/3! = 12 numbers..when any 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are different -> 3c1*4!/2! = 36 numbers...when 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are also same -> 3c1*2c1*4!/2!^2 = 36 numbers...total = 3+12+36*2 = 87?? -----------------------ok it says 1,2,3 in every number generated means we need to use 1,2 and 3 in every number..when 2 digits are same and other 2 are different -> 36 numbers...so is the answer 36 or 87?? @IIMAIM
Case 1: 1,2,3 can be used any number of times to form a 4 digit number

-- -- -- --
3 3 3 3
Each place can be filled 3 times=3*3*3*3=81

Case 2: 1,2,3 should be used and only one digit has to repeat
=36
Refer previous comments for solution
@Logrhythm said:
when all digits are same -> 3c1 = 3 numbers...
when three digits are same -> 3c1*4!/3! = 12 numbers..
when any 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are different -> 3c1*4!/2! = 36 numbers...
when 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are also same -> 3c1*2c1*4!/2!^2 = 36 numbers...

total = 3+12+36*2 = 87??

-----------------------

ok it says 1,2,3 in every number generated means we need to use 1,2 and 3 in every number..

when 2 digits are same and other 2 are different -> 36 numbers...

so is the answer 36 or 87?? @IIMAIM

when three digits are same -> 3c1*4!/3! = 12 numbers..
this part is wrong
1112 1113 2221 2223 3331 3332 = 6*4=24
when 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are also same -> 3c1*2c1*4!/2!^2 = 36 numbers...
1122 2233 3311 = 3*4!/2!2!=18
@Logrhythm said:
when all digits are same -> 3c1 = 3 numbers...when three digits are same -> 3c1*4!/3! = 12 numbers..
This should be 3C1 * 2C1 * 4!/3! = 24 since we also have to choose which of the other 2 digits is chosen to appear once.
@Logrhythm said:
when any 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are different -> 3c1*4!/2! = 36 numbers...when 2 digits are same and other 2 digits are also same -> 3c1*2c1*4!/2!^2 = 36 numbers...
This again should be divided by 2 as 2 same and 2 same means I am just choosing which 2 out of the 3 make an appearance which is 3C2 ways and not 3C1 x 2C1 so 18 total.
@Logrhythm said:
total = 3+12+36*2 = 87??
Hence 3 + 24 + 36 + 18 = 81.

Or of course we could do the 3^4 case.
@Logrhythm said:
-----------------------ok it says 1,2,3 in every number generated means we need to use 1,2 and 3 in every number..when 2 digits are same and other 2 are different -> 36 numbers...

This is only the 3rd case above. Hence 36.
@Logrhythm said:
so is the answer 36 or 87?? @IIMAIM

In fact, if you want to nitpick, it still can be interpreted differently (after the correction) as to whether other digits besides 1, 2, 3 are allowed or not. So there could also be another set of cases whether 1,2,3 and some other digit are used. These would be 7 * 4! - 3! (using any of the other 7 available digits, and then removing the numbers which would start with a 0) in addition to the 36 above = 168 - 6 + 36 = 198 numbers which have a 1, 2 and 3 present.

Question setters need to take loads of care to ensure there is no ambiguity 😞 They rarely do...

regards
scrabbler


@scrabbler said:
This should be 3C1 * 2C1 * 4!/3! = 24 since we also have to choose which of the other 2 digits is chosen to appear once.This again should be divided by 2 as 2 same and 2 same means I am just choosing which 2 out of the 3 make an appearance which is 3C2 ways and not 3C1 x 2C1 so 18 total.Hence 3 + 24 + 36 + 18 = 81.Or of course we could do the 3^4 case.This is only the 3rd case above. Hence 36.In fact, if you want to nitpick, it still can be interpreted differently (after the correction) as to whether other digits besides 1, 2, 3 are allowed or not. So there could also be another set of cases whether 1,2,3 and some other digit are used. These would be 7 * 4! - 3! (using any of the other 7 available digits, and then removing the numbers which would start with a 0) in addition to the 36 above = 168 - 6 + 36 = 198 numbers which have a 1, 2 and 3 present.Question setters need to take loads of care to ensure there is no ambiguity They rarely do...regardsscrabbler
Thanks scrabbler , yes there has been some ambiguity ,I am apologizing for that
.But an important question to discuss, in which u have explored all the possible ways of asking it.

Now that we are discussing PnC....i have had a doubt everytime i attempt such question. I am sure u guys can help...


How can 7 balls be distributed among 3 urns when:
1) balls are similar and earns are not
(i) when empty urn is allowed
(ii) empty urn not allowed

2) urn are similar but balls are not
(i) when empty urn is allowed
(ii) empty urn not allowed

3) both balls and urn are similar
(i) when empty urn is allowed
(ii) empty urn not allowed


i end up getting the right answer but after 1 or 2 hit and trials as i am always doubtful of my approach.......

PS - If you any more variants of such questions.....feel free to educate.. :)
@Logrhythm said:
Now that we are discussing PnC....i have had a doubt everytime i attempt such question. I am sure u guys can help...How can 7 balls be distributed among 3 earns when:1) balls are similar and earns are not2) earns are similar but balls are not3) both balls and earns are similar i end up getting the right answer but after 1 or 2 hit and trials as i am always doubtful of my approach.......PS - If you any more variants of such questions.....feel free to educate..
Empty Urn is allowed?
@IIMAIM said:
Empty Urn is allowed?
edited the ques....now have a look 😃
@IIMAIM said:
Thanks scrabbler , yes there has been some ambiguity ,I am apologizing for that.But an important question to discuss, in which u have explored all the possible ways of asking it.
Oh I didn't mean you 😃 I meant whoever had set the question originally, from wherever you got it! Even in CAT this happens sometimes that they forget to clarify and remove ambiguity...

regards
scrabbler

@Logrhythm said:
Now that we are discussing PnC....i have had a doubt everytime i attempt such question. I am sure u guys can help...How can 7 balls be distributed among 3 earns when:1) balls are similar and earns are not(i) when empty earn is allowed (ii) empty earn not allowed2) earns are similar but balls are not(i) when empty earn is allowed (ii) empty earn not allowed3) both balls and earns are similar (i) when empty earn is allowed (ii) empty earn not allowedi end up getting the right answer but after 1 or 2 hit and trials as i am always doubtful of my approach.......PS - If you any more variants of such questions.....feel free to educate..
For the 1st part

1)When empty Urn is not allowed

lets take urn's as A B C

1) 1,1,5=3 ways
2) 1,2,4=6 ways(3!)
3) 1,3,3=3 ways
4) 2,2,3=3 ways
Total=15 ways

2) when empty Urn is allowed


1)0,1,6=6 ways
2)0,2,5=6ways
3)0,3,4=6ways
4)0,0,7=3 ways

15+21=36 ways


@Logrhythm said:
Now that we are discussing PnC....i have had a doubt everytime i attempt such question. I am sure u guys can help...How can 7 balls be distributed among 3 earns when:1) balls are similar and earns are not(i) when empty earn is allowed (ii) empty earn not allowed2) earns are similar but balls are not(i) when empty earn is allowed (ii) empty earn not allowed3) both balls and earns are similar (i) when empty earn is allowed (ii) empty earn not allowedi end up getting the right answer but after 1 or 2 hit and trials as i am always doubtful of my approach.......PS - If you any more variants of such questions.....feel free to educate..
For the 1st part

1)When empty Urn is not allowed

lets take urn's as A B C

1) 1,1,5=3 ways
2) 1,2,4=6 ways(3!)
3) 1,3,3=3 ways
4) 2,2,3=3 ways
Total=15 ways

2) when empty Urn is allowed


1)0,1,6=6 ways
2)0,2,5=6ways
3)0,3,4=6ways
4)0,0,7=3 ways

15+21=36 ways


@staaalinnn I have doubt in Q4

No. of steps when the escalator is stationary is

30 + 15s = 20 + 20s
s= 2

No. of steps= 30 + 15*2 =60

next...
1.If a,b,c,d are in continued proportion then a-d/b-c>=x. What is the value of x?


2.If a,b,c,d are proportional then the mean proportion between a^2+c^2 and b^2+d^2 is ?

PLZ HELP
@maroof10 said:
1.If a,b,c,d are in continued proportion then a-d/b-c>=x. What is the value of x?2.If a,b,c,d are proportional then the mean proportion between a^2+c^2 and b^2+d^2 is ?PLZ HELP
1. Continued proportion means a/b = b/c = c/d = k (say)

a = b.k = d.k^3
b = c.k = d.k^2
c = d.k

a-d/b-c = d(k^3 - 1)/d.k(k-1)

= (k^2 + k + 1)/k = k + 1 + 1/k

= a/b + 1 + b/a


Not sure if this is the right answer.! Do tag me with the solution/OA