GMAT Critical Reasoning Discussions

1. Teresa: Manned spaceflight does not have a future, since it cannot compete economically with other means of accomplishing the objectives of spaceflight.
Edward: No mode of human transportation has a better record of reliability: two accidents in twenty-five years. Thus manned spaceflight definitely has a positive future.
Which of the following is the best logical evaluation of Edward's argument as a response to Teresa's argument?
1. It cites evidence that, if true, tends to disprove the evidence cited by Teresa in drawing her conclusion.
2. It indicates a logical gap in the support that Teresa offers for her conclusion.
3. It raises a consideration that outweighs the argument Teresa makes.
4. It does not meet Teresa's point because it assumes that there is no serious impediment to transporting people into space, but this was the issue raised by Teresa.
5. It fails to respond to Teresa's argument because it does not address the fundamental issue of whether space activities should have priority over other claims on the
national budget.


My take is 3.
1. Teresa: Manned spaceflight does not have a future, since it cannot compete economically with other means of accomplishing the objectives of spaceflight.
Edward: No mode of human transportation has a better record of reliability: two accidents in twenty-five years. Thus manned spaceflight definitely has a positive future.
Which of the following is the best logical evaluation of Edward's argument as a response to Teresa's argument?
1. It cites evidence that, if true, tends to disprove the evidence cited by Teresa in drawing her conclusion.
2. It indicates a logical gap in the support that Teresa offers for her conclusion.
3. It raises a consideration that outweighs the argument Teresa makes.
4. It does not meet Teresa's point because it assumes that there is no serious impediment to transporting people into space, but this was the issue raised by Teresa.
5. It fails to respond to Teresa's argument because it does not address the fundamental issue of whether space activities should have priority over other claims on the
national budget.

4 ... according to me
The Board of Directors of the Lejon Etymological Museum imposed a 50-cent admission charge in order to reduce the Museum's deficit. Attendance remained stable and there was no protest from the public, so, six months later, the Museum announced that the admission price would go up to $1.50.
It can be inferred that, in increasing the admission charge to $1.50, the Board of Directors assumed that:
A) People did not protest the initial charge because they felt it was necessary to keep the Museum in operation
B)Since people did not protest the initial charge, they will also accept the raised price
C)Since $1.50 is three times the original charge, it is probable that attendance will drop as the public protests the increase
D)The increased revenue from admissions will enable the Museum to expand its operations
E) Tripling the admission cost every six months will not cause a drop in attendance

2 has to be the answer..
Anyone appearing for GMAT in june here..??

Hi Help me with this question:


Johnson is on firm ground when he asserts that the early editors of Dickinsons poetry often distorted her intentions. Yet Johnsons own, more faithful, text is still guilty of its own forms of distortion. To standardize Dickinsons often indecipherable handwritten punctuation by the use of the dash is to render permanent a casual mode of poetic phrasing that Dickinson surely never expected to see in print. It implies that Dickinson chose the dash as her typical mark of punctuation when, in fact, she apparently never made any definitive choice at all.
Which of the following best summarizes the authors main point?
(A) Although Johnson is right in criticizing Dickinsons early editors for their distortion of her work, his own text is guilty of equally serious distortions.
(B) Johnsons use of the dash in his text of Dickinsons poetry misleads readers about the poets intentions.
(C) Because Dickinson never expected her poetry to be published, virtually any attempt at editing it must run counter to her intentions.
(D) Although Johnsons attempt to produce a more faithful text of Dickinsons poetry is well-meaning, his study of the material lacks sufficient thoroughness.
(E) Dickinsons editors, including Johnson, have failed to deal adequately with the problem of deciphering Dickinsons handwritten manuscripts.

2 has to be the answer..
Anyone appearing for GMAT in june here..??


I am planning to take in last week of June
Hi Help me with this question:


Johnson is on firm ground when he asserts that the early editors of Dickinsons poetry often distorted her intentions. Yet Johnsons own, more faithful, text is still guilty of its own forms of distortion. To standardize Dickinsons often indecipherable handwritten punctuation by the use of the dash is to render permanent a casual mode of poetic phrasing that Dickinson surely never expected to see in print. It implies that Dickinson chose the dash as her typical mark of punctuation when, in fact, she apparently never made any definitive choice at all.
Which of the following best summarizes the authors main point?
(A) Although Johnson is right in criticizing Dickinsons early editors for their distortion of her work, his own text is guilty of equally serious distortions.
(B) Johnsons use of the dash in his text of Dickinsons poetry misleads readers about the poets intentions.
(C) Because Dickinson never expected her poetry to be published, virtually any attempt at editing it must run counter to her intentions.
(D) Although Johnsons attempt to produce a more faithful text of Dickinsons poetry is well-meaning, his study of the material lacks sufficient thoroughness.
(E) Dickinsons editors, including Johnson, have failed to deal adequately with the problem of deciphering Dickinsons handwritten manuscripts.

is it (C) Because Dickinson never expected her poetry to be published, virtually any attempt at editing it must run counter to her intentions ??

Hey guys can someone please explain me this one:

In Swartkans territory, archaeologists discovered charred bone fragments dating back one million years.Analysis of the fragments, which came from a variety of animals, showed that they had been heated to temperatures no higher than those produced in experimental campfires made from branches of white stinkwood, the most common tree around Swartkans.Which of the following, if true, would, together with the information above, provide the best basis for the claim that the charred bone fragments are evidence of the use of fire by early hominids?

(A) The white stinkwood tree is used for building material by the present-day inhabitants of Swartkans.
(B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of temperatures that occur in campfires.
(C) The bone fragments were fitted together by the archaeologists to form the complete skeletons of several animals.
(D) Apart from the Swartkans discovery, there is reliable evidence that early hominids used fire as many as 500,000 years ago.
(E) The bone fragments were found in several distinct layers of limestone that contained primitive cutting tools known to have been used by early hominids.

Its from OG12 but I cant go with the answer and what is given in the question....:banghead::banghead::banghead:

Recent estimates predict that between 1982 and 1995 the greatest increase in the number of people employed will be in the category of low-paying service occupations. This category, however, will not increase its share of total employment, whereas the category of high-paying service occupations will increase its share.

If the estimates above are accurate, which of the following conclusions can be drawn?
(A) In 1982 more people were working in low-paying service occupations than were working in high-paying service occupations.
(B) In 1995 more people will be working in high-paying service occupations than will be working in low-paying service occupations.
(C) Nonservice occupations will account for the same share of total employment in 1995 as in 1982.
(D) Many of the people who were working in low-paying service occupations in 1982 will be working in high-paying service occupations by 1995
(E) The rate of growth for low-paying service occupations will be greater than the overall rate of employment growth between 1982 and 1995.


Mathematics involved here.
There is an increase in employment from 1982 to 1995. This can be inferred from the fact that employees in the Low-paying service occupations category have maintained equal share and have risen in number.
rT2/100>rT1/100 => T2>T1
Where r is share percentage and T1,T2 are total figures in 1982 and 1995 resp.

Also, since the increase in no. of employees under Low-paying service is the highest from 1982-1995, and that it was not surpassed by increase in High-paying service occupation employees even after an increase in their share from 1982 to 1995, it means that low-paying service employees had the highest share of employed ppl in 1982.

Option A) goes along with that reasoning.
So i'd go wid A)

Left-handed persons have an advantage over right-handed persons on tasks that are controlled by the right hemisphere of the brain and painting, for most people, is a task mostly governed by the right hemisphere of the brain. However, left-handed persons contract viruses, such as influenza, more frequently than do right-handed persons.

The information above, if true, best supports which of the following hypotheses?


(A) There is a greater proportion of left-handed persons among painters than there is among non-painters.
(B) Most people who contract influenza or other viruses are left-handed rather than right-handed.
(C) If a left-handed person contracts a virus similar to influenza, that person will probably be a painter.
(D) Most left-handed painters are more susceptible to influenza than is the population as a whole.
(E) There are a greater proportion of left-handed persons among painters than there are right-handed persons among non-painters.


D : Most left-handed painters are more susceptible to influenza than is the population as a whole., is it?

Hey guys can someone please explain me this one:

In Swartkans territory, archaeologists discovered charred bone fragments dating back one million years.Analysis of the fragments, which came from a variety of animals, showed that they had been heated to temperatures no higher than those produced in experimental campfires made from branches of white stinkwood, the most common tree around Swartkans.Which of the following, if true, would, together with the information above, provide the best basis for the claim that the charred bone fragments are evidence of the use of fire by early hominids?

(A) The white stinkwood tree is used for building material by the present-day inhabitants of Swartkans.
(B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of temperatures that occur in campfires.
(C) The bone fragments were fitted together by the archaeologists to form the complete skeletons of several animals.
(D) Apart from the Swartkans discovery, there is reliable evidence that early hominids used fire as many as 500,000 years ago.
(E) The bone fragments were found in several distinct layers of limestone that contained primitive cutting tools known to have been used by early hominids.

Its from OG12 but I cant go with the answer and what is given in the question....:banghead::banghead::banghead:

B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of temperatures that occur in campfires. is it?
Left-handed persons have an advantage over right-handed persons on tasks that are controlled by the right hemisphere of the brain and painting, for most people, is a task mostly governed by the right hemisphere of the brain. However, left-handed persons contract viruses, such as influenza, more frequently than do right-handed persons.

The information above, if true, best supports which of the following hypotheses?


(A) There is a greater proportion of left-handed persons among painters than there is among non-painters.
(B) Most people who contract influenza or other viruses are left-handed rather than right-handed.
(C) If a left-handed person contracts a virus similar to influenza, that person will probably be a painter.
(D) Most left-handed painters are more susceptible to influenza than is the population as a whole.
(E) There are a greater proportion of left-handed persons among painters than there are right-handed persons among non-painters.


Will go with D



Originally Posted by cognizant_81 View Post
Recent estimates predict that between 1982 and 1995 the greatest increase in the number of people employed will be in the category of low-paying service occupations. This category, however, will not increase its share of total employment, whereas the category of high-paying service occupations will increase its share.

If the estimates above are accurate, which of the following conclusions can be drawn?
(D) Many of the people who were working in low-paying service occupations in 1982 will be working in high-paying service occupations by 1995

OA is in bold!!



Are u sure about this?
dipak9412 Says
is it (C) Because Dickinson never expected her poetry to be published, virtually any attempt at editing it must run counter to her intentions ??

No the answer is B..can any one explain..why
For the past 13 years, high school guidance counselors nationwide have implemented an aggressive program to convince high school students to select careers requiring college degrees. The government reported that the percentage of last year's high school graduates who went on to college was 15 percent greater than the percentage of those who graduated 10 years ago and did so. The counselors concluded from this report that the program had been successful.
The guidance counselors' reasoning depends on which one of the following assumptions about high school graduates?
(A) The number of graduates who went on to college remained constant each year during the 10-year period.
(B) Any college courses that the graduates take will improve their career prospects.
(C) Some of the graduates who went on to college never received guidance from a high school counselor.
(D) There has been a decrease in the number of graduates who go on to college without career plans.
(E) Many of last year's graduates who went on to college did so in order to prepare for careers requiring college degrees


The answer is A ???
For the past 13 years, high school guidance counselors nationwide have implemented an aggressive program to convince high school students to select careers requiring college degrees. The government reported that the percentage of last year's high school graduates who went on to college was 15 percent greater than the percentage of those who graduated 10 years ago and did so. The counselors concluded from this report that the program had been successful.

The guidance counselors' reasoning depends on which one of the following assumptions about high school graduates?

(A) The number of graduates who went on to college remained constant each year during the 10-year period.

(B) Any college courses that the graduates take will improve their career prospects.


(C) Some of the graduates who went on to college never received guidance from a high school counselor.


(D) There has been a decrease in the number of graduates who go on to college without career plans.


(E) Many of last year's graduates who went on to college did so in order to prepare for careers requiring college degrees


Is it E?... what is the source?
For the past 13 years, high school guidance counselors nationwide have implemented an aggressive program to convince high school students to select careers requiring college degrees. The government reported that the percentage of last year's high school graduates who went on to college was 15 percent greater than the percentage of those who graduated 10 years ago and did so. The counselors concluded from this report that the program had been successful.
The guidance counselors' reasoning depends on which one of the following assumptions about high school graduates?
(E) Many of last year's graduates who went on to college did so in order to prepare for careers requiring college degrees

My take:--
Option E
For the past 13 years, high school guidance counselors nationwide have implemented an aggressive program to convince high school students to select careers requiring college degrees. The government reported that the percentage of last year's high school graduates who went on to college was 15 percent greater than the percentage of those who graduated 10 years ago and did so. The counselors concluded from this report that the program had been successful.

The guidance counselors' reasoning depends on which one of the following assumptions about high school graduates?

(A) The number of graduates who went on to college remained constant each year during the 10-year period.
(B) Any college courses that the graduates take will improve their career prospects.


(C) Some of the graduates who went on to college never received guidance from a high school counselor.


(D) There has been a decrease in the number of graduates who go on to college without career plans.


(E) Many of last year's graduates who went on to college did so in order to prepare for careers requiring college degrees

My Take in Black.
For the past 13 years, high school guidance counselors nationwide have implemented an aggressive program to convince high school students to select careers requiring college degrees. The government reported that the percentage of last year's high school graduates who went on to college was 15 percent greater than the percentage of those who graduated 10 years ago and did so. The counselors concluded from this report that the program had been successful.
The guidance counselors' reasoning depends on which one of the following assumptions about high school graduates?
(E) Many of last year's graduates who went on to college did so in order to prepare for careers requiring college degrees
OA is in bold!!


Can you please explain why the answer is E. TIA.
The number of people diagnosed as having a certain intestinal disease has dropped significantly in a rural county this year, as compared to last year. Health officials attribute this decrease entirely to improved sanitary conditions at water-treatment plants, which made for cleaner water this year and thus reduced the incidence of the disease.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the health officials' explanation for the lower incidence of the disease?

A). Many new water-treatment plants have been built in the last five years in the rural county.

B). Bottled spring water has not been consumed in significantly different quantities by people diagnosed as having the intestinal disease, as compared to people who did not contract the disease.

C). Because of a new diagnostic technique, many people who until this year would have been diagnosed as having the intestinal disease are now correctly diagnosed as suffering from intestinal ulcers.

D). Because of medical advances this year, far fewer people who contract the intestinal disease will develop severe cases of the disease.

E). The water in the rural county was brought up to the sanitary standards of the water in neighboring counties ten years ago.

My Take in Green.
dipak9412 Says
B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of temperatures that occur in campfires. is it?

Hey guys can someone please explain me this one:

In Swartkans territory, archaeologists discovered charred bone fragments dating back one million years.Analysis of the fragments, which came from a variety of animals, showed that they had been heated to temperatures no higher than those produced in experimental campfires made from branches of white stinkwood, the most common tree around Swartkans.Which of the following, if true, would, together with the information above, provide the best basis for the claim that the charred bone fragments are evidence of the use of fire by early hominids?

(A) The white stinkwood tree is used for building material by the present-day inhabitants of Swartkans.
(B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of temperatures that occur in campfires.
(C) The bone fragments were fitted together by the archaeologists to form the complete skeletons of several animals.
(D) Apart from the Swartkans discovery, there is reliable evidence that early hominids used fire as many as 500,000 years ago.
(E) The bone fragments were found in several distinct layers of limestone that contained primitive cutting tools known to have been used by early hominids.

my take is in bold!!



The answer is E. Here is the explanation.
A Todays use of stinkwood for building is irrelevant to the argument.
B This suggests that forest fi res could have been responsible for the charring, so it weakens the argument.
C This information offers no support to the argument that early hominids used fire.
D The fragments date back one million years, so evidence from 500,000 years ago is irrelevant.
E Correct. This information links early hominids to these bone fragments and so strengthens the argument.

Now my confusion here is, how this E has any inkling of the use of fire by the hominids. :banghead::banghead: Are we missing something here? May be limestones got to do something with use of fire by hominids? OG12 Q13
If there is an oil-supply disruption resulting in higher international oil prices, domestic oil prices in open-market countries such as the United States will rise as well, whether such countries import all or none of their oil.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the statement in the passage?

A). Domestic producers of oil in open-market countries are excluded from the international oil market when there is a disruption in the international oil supply.

B). International oil-supply disruptions have little, if any, effect on the price of domestic oil as long as an open-market country has domestic supplies capable of meeting domestic demand.

C). The oil market in an open-market country is actually part of the international oil market, even if most of that country's domestic oil is usually sold to consumers within its borders.

D). Open-market countries that export little or none of their oil can maintain stable domestic oil prices even when international oil prices rise sharply.

E). If international oil prices rise, domestic distributors of oil in open-market countries will begin to import more oil than they export.


MY Take Option C.