The people of Prohibitionland are considering banning the service of alcoholic beverages in restaurants to curb unruly behavior on the part of its residents. Proprietors of restaurants in Prohibitionland are protesting the ban on the grounds that it will reduce their revenues and profits. However, several provinces in Prohibitionland enacted restrictions on alcoholic beverages last year, and the sales taxes paid by the restaurants in those provinces rose by an average of 50 percent. In contrast, the sales taxes paid by restaurants located in areas of Prohibitionland that did not have any restrictions rose by an average of 30 percent.
Which of the following, if true, supports the restaurant proprietors economic stance against the ban?
In the provinces that restricted alcoholic beverages, there was a short-term negative impact on restaurant visitation in the beginning of last year.
The sales tax in Prohibitionland is lower on food and beverages than it is on other consumer goods, such as clothing.
The consumption of alcoholic beverages in Prohibitionland has been on a gradual decline the last 20 years.
The restrictions on alcoholic beverages enacted last year allowed for the service of drinks beginning around dinnertime each evening.
Overall sales tax revenue did not increase at a substantially higher rate in the provinces that enacted the restrictions on alcoholic beverages than in the rest of Prohibitionland last year.
1. Freud's theories of the workings of the mind, while brilliant for their day, were formulated before most of this century's great advances in neurophysiology and biochemistry. Today, we have a far deeper understanding of the biological components of thought, emotion, and behavior than was dreamed of eighty years ago. It would be foolish to continue parroting Freud's psychological theories as if these advances had never occurred. It can be inferred from the passage above that the author would be most likely to favor (A) the abandonment of most of Freud's theories (B) a greater reliance on biological rather than psychological explanations of behavior (C) a critical reexamination of Freud's place in the history of psychology (D) a reexamination of Freud's theories in the light of contemporary biology (E) increased financial support for studies in neurophysiology and biochemistry
2. The postal service is badly mismanaged. Forty years ago, first-class letter delivery cost only three cents. Since then, the price has increased nearly tenfold, with an actual decrease in the speed and reliability of service. Each of the following statements, if true, would tend to weaken the argument above EXCEPT: (A) The volume of mail handled by the postal service has increased dramatically over the last forty years. (B) Unprecedented increases in the cost of fuel for trucks and planes have put severe upward pressures on postal delivery costs. (C) Private delivery services usually charge more than does the postal service for comparable delivery charges. (D) The average delivery time for a first-class letter four decades ago was actually slightly longer than it is today. (E) The average level of consumer prices overall has increased more than 300 percent over the last forty years.
3. When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of the nation's political opposition had died of a mysterious illness in prison, few seasoned observers of the regime were surprised. As the police captain in an old movie remarked when asked about the condition of a prisoner, "We're trying to decide whether he committed suicide or died trying to escape." The statements above invite which of the following conclusions? (A) The opposition leader was probably killed trying to escape from prison. (B) The opposition leader may not be dead at all. (C) It is unlikely that the head of the regime knows the true cause of the opposition leader's death. (D) The opposition leader probably killed himself. (E) The regime very likely was responsible for the death of the opposition leader.
4. In the industrialized nations, the last century has witnessed a shortening of the average workday from twelve hours or longer to less than eight hours. Mindful of this enormous increase in leisure time over the past century, many people assume that the same trend has obtained throughout history, and that, therefore, prehistoric humans must have labored incessantly for their very survival. We cannot, of course, directly test this assumption. However, a study of primitive peoples of today suggests a different conclusion. The Mbuti of central Africa, for instance, spend only a few hours each day in hunting, gathering, and tending to other economic necessities. The rest of their time is spent as they choose. The implication is that the short workday is not peculiar to industrialized societies. Rather, both the extended workday of 1880 and the shorter workday of today are products of different stages of the continuing process of industrialization. Which of the following, if true, would most greatly strengthen the argument made in the passage above? (A) In recent decades, the economy of the Mbuti has been markedly affected by the encroachment of modern civilization. (B) The life-style of the Mbuti is similar to that of prehistoric humans. (C) The Mbuti have no words in their language to express the distinction between work activities and leisure activities. (D) The workday of a European peasant in medieval times averaged between eleven and fifteen hours. (E) The members of the Shaklik tribe in central Asia have an average workday of ten to twelve hours.
My answers are: B,C,C,E. Needless to say they are all wrong!! Can someone help me with these?
1. Freuds theories of the workings of the mind, while brilliant for their day, were formulated before most of this centurys great advances in neurophysiology and biochemistry. Today, we have a far deeper understanding of the biological components of thought, emotion, and behavior than was dreamed of eighty years ago. It would be foolish to continue parroting Freuds psychological theories as if these advances had never occurred. I
1.Freuds theories of the workings of the mind, while brilliant for their day, were formulated before most of this centurys great advances in neurophysiology and biochemistry. Today, we have a far deeper understanding of the biological components of thought, emotion, and behavior than was dreamed of eighty years ago. It would be foolish to continue parroting Freuds psychological theories as if these advances had never occurred. It can be inferred from the passage above that the author would be most likely to favor (A) the abandonment of most of Freuds theories (B) a greater reliance on biological rather than psychological explanations of behavior (C) a critical reexamination of Freuds place in the history of psychology (D) a reexamination of Freuds theories in the light of contemporary biology (E) increased financial support for studies in neurophysiology and biochemistry
2. The postal service is badly mismanaged. Forty years ago, first-class letter delivery cost only three cents. Since then, the price has increased nearly tenfold, with an actual decrease in the speed and reliability of service. Each of the following statements, if true, would tend to weaken the argument above EXCEPT: (A) The volume of mail handled by the postal service has increased dramatically over the last forty years. (B) Unprecedented increases in the cost of fuel for trucks and planes have put severe upward pressures on postal delivery costs. (C) Private delivery services usually charge more than does the postal service for comparable delivery charges. (D) The average delivery time for a first-class letter four decades ago was actually slightly longer than it is today. (E) The average level of consumer prices overall has increased more than 300 percent over the last forty years.
3. When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of the nations political opposition had died of a mysterious illness in prison, few seasoned observers of the regime were surprised. As the police captain in an old movie remarked when asked about the condition of a prisoner, Were trying to decide whether he committed suicide or died trying to escape. The statements above invite which of the following conclusions? (A) The opposition leader was probably killed trying to escape from prison. (B) The opposition leader may not be dead at all. (C) It is unlikely that the head of the regime knows the true cause of the opposition leaders death. (D) The opposition leader probably killed himself. (E) The regime very likely was responsible for the death of the opposition leader.
4. In the industrialized nations, the last century has witnessed a shortening of the average workday from twelve hours or longer to less than eight hours. Mindful of this enormous increase in leisure time over the past century, many people assume that the same trend has obtained throughout history, and that, therefore, prehistoric humans must have labored incessantly for their very survival. We cannot, of course, directly test this assumption. However, a study of primitive peoples of today suggests a different conclusion. The Mbuti of central Africa, for instance, spend only a few hours each day in hunting, gathering, and tending to other economic necessities. The rest of their time is spent as they choose. The implication is that the short workday is not peculiar to industrialized societies. Rather, both the extended workday of 1880 and the shorter workday of today are products of different stages of the continuing process of industrialization. Which of the following, if true, would most greatly strengthen the argument made in the passage above? (A) In recent decades, the economy of the Mbuti has been markedly affected by the encroachment of modern civilization. (B) The life-style of the Mbuti is similar to that of prehistoric humans. (C) The Mbuti have no words in their language to express the distinction between work activities and leisure activities. (D) The workday of a European peasant in medieval times averaged between eleven and fifteen hours. (E) The members of the Shaklik tribe in central Asia have an average workday of ten to twelve hours.
When I was preparing for my GMAT, my biggest issue was with the critical reasoning section. I learnt how to handle the section through trial and error -it's not easy, but it can be done. I am listing out some of the basic rules which helped me a lot. Hope it helps!
And the question is..
The critical reasoning GMAT critical reasoning section tests your ability to logically evaluate and manipulate text based logical arguments. The section makes up about one third of the verbal section - roughly 13 of 41 questions. The English level of this section is advanced so be prepared for tough vocabulary and complex sentences at all three levels in the: opening text, assigned task and the answer choices.
1. Freuds theories of the workings of the mind, while brilliant for their day, were formulated before most of this centurys great advances in neurophysiology and biochemistry. Today, we have a far deeper understanding of the biological components of thought, emotion, and behavior than was dreamed of eighty years ago. It would be foolish to continue parroting Freuds psychological theories as if these advances had never occurred. It can be inferred from the passage above that the author would be most likely to favor (A) the abandonment of most of Freuds theories (B) a greater reliance on biological rather than psychological explanations of behavior (C) a critical reexamination of Freuds place in the history of psychology (D) a reexamination of Freuds theories in the light of contemporary biology (E) increased financial support for studies in neurophysiology and biochemistry
2. The postal service is badly mismanaged. Forty years ago, first-class letter delivery cost only three cents. Since then, the price has increased nearly tenfold, with an actual decrease in the speed and reliability of service. Each of the following statements, if true, would tend to weaken the argument above EXCEPT: (A) The volume of mail handled by the postal service has increased dramatically over the last forty years. (B) Unprecedented increases in the cost of fuel for trucks and planes have put severe upward pressures on postal delivery costs. (C) Private delivery services usually charge more than does the postal service for comparable delivery charges. (D) The average delivery time for a first-class letter four decades ago was actually slightly longer than it is today. (E) The average level of consumer prices overall has increased more than 300 percent over the last forty years.
3. When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of the nations political opposition had died of a mysterious illness in prison, few seasoned observers of the regime were surprised. As the police captain in an old movie remarked when asked about the condition of a prisoner, Were trying to decide whether he committed suicide or died trying to escape. The statements above invite which of the following conclusions? (A) The opposition leader was probably killed trying to escape from prison. (B) The opposition leader may not be dead at all. (C) It is unlikely that the head of the regime knows the true cause of the opposition leaders death. (D) The opposition leader probably killed himself. (E) The regime very likely was responsible for the death of the opposition leader.
4. In the industrialized nations, the last century has witnessed a shortening of the average workday from twelve hours or longer to less than eight hours. Mindful of this enormous increase in leisure time over the past century, many people assume that the same trend has obtained throughout history, and that, therefore, prehistoric humans must have labored incessantly for their very survival. We cannot, of course, directly test this assumption. However, a study of primitive peoples of today suggests a different conclusion. The Mbuti of central Africa, for instance, spend only a few hours each day in hunting, gathering, and tending to other economic necessities. The rest of their time is spent as they choose. The implication is that the short workday is not peculiar to industrialized societies. Rather, both the extended workday of 1880 and the shorter workday of today are products of different stages of the continuing process of industrialization. Which of the following, if true, would most greatly strengthen the argument made in the passage above? (A) In recent decades, the economy of the Mbuti has been markedly affected by the encroachment of modern civilization. (B) The life-style of the Mbuti is similar to that of prehistoric humans. (C) The Mbuti have no words in their language to express the distinction between work activities and leisure activities. (D) The workday of a European peasant in medieval times averaged between eleven and fifteen hours. (E) The members of the Shaklik tribe in central Asia have an average workday of ten to twelve hours.
1.Freuds theories of the workings of the mind, while brilliant for their day, were formulated before most of this centurys great advances in neurophysiology and biochemistry. Today, we have a far deeper understanding of the biological components of thought, emotion, and behavior than was dreamed of eighty years ago. It would be foolish to continue parroting Freuds psychological theories as if these advances had never occurred. It can be inferred from the passage above that the author would be most likely to favor (A) the abandonment of most of Freuds theories (B) a greater reliance on biological rather than psychological explanations of behavior (C) a critical reexamination of Freuds place in the history of psychology (D) a reexamination of Freuds theories in the light of contemporary biology (E) increased financial support for studies in neurophysiology and biochemistry
2. The postal service is badly mismanaged. Forty years ago, first-class letter delivery cost only three cents. Since then, the price has increased nearly tenfold, with an actual decrease in the speed and reliability of service. Each of the following statements, if true, would tend to weaken the argument above EXCEPT: (A) The volume of mail handled by the postal service has increased dramatically over the last forty years. (B) Unprecedented increases in the cost of fuel for trucks and planes have put severe upward pressures on postal delivery costs. (C) Private delivery services usually charge more than does the postal service for comparable delivery charges. (D) The average delivery time for a first-class letter four decades ago was actually slightly longer than it is today. (E) The average level of consumer prices overall has increased more than 300 percent over the last forty years.
3. When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of the nations political opposition had died of a mysterious illness in prison, few seasoned observers of the regime were surprised. As the police captain in an old movie remarked when asked about the condition of a prisoner, Were trying to decide whether he committed suicide or died trying to escape. The statements above invite which of the following conclusions? (A) The opposition leader was probably killed trying to escape from prison. (B) The opposition leader may not be dead at all. (C) It is unlikely that the head of the regime knows the true cause of the opposition leaders death. (D) The opposition leader probably killed himself. (E) The regime very likely was responsible for the death of the opposition leader.
4. In the industrialized nations, the last century has witnessed a shortening of the average workday from twelve hours or longer to less than eight hours. Mindful of this enormous increase in leisure time over the past century, many people assume that the same trend has obtained throughout history, and that, therefore, prehistoric humans must have labored incessantly for their very survival. We cannot, of course, directly test this assumption. However, a study of primitive peoples of today suggests a different conclusion. The Mbuti of central Africa, for instance, spend only a few hours each day in hunting, gathering, and tending to other economic necessities. The rest of their time is spent as they choose. The implication is that the short workday is not peculiar to industrialized societies. Rather, both the extended workday of 1880 and the shorter workday of today are products of different stages of the continuing process of industrialization. Which of the following, if true, would most greatly strengthen the argument made in the passage above? (A) In recent decades, the economy of the Mbuti has been markedly affected by the encroachment of modern civilization. (B) The life-style of the Mbuti is similar to that of prehistoric humans. (C) The Mbuti have no words in their language to express the distinction between work activities and leisure activities. (D) The workday of a European peasant in medieval times averaged between eleven and fifteen hours. (E) The members of the Shaklik tribe in central Asia have an average workday of ten to twelve hours.
Professor A: We must make a strong moral statement against Country X's policies. Only total divestment-the sale of all stock in companies that have factories or business offices in X-can do this. Therefore, the university should divest totally. Professor B: Our aim should be to encourage X to change its policies. Partial divestment is the best way to achieve this aim. Therefore, the university should sell its stock only in companies that either sell goods to X's government, or do the majority of their business in X, or treat their workers in X unfairly. 17.Professor A's and Professor B's arguments differ in which of the following ways? (A) They state the same goal but propose different ways of achieving it. (B) They state different goals but propose the same way of achieving them. (C) They state different goals and propose different ways of achieving them. (D) They disagree about whether the university should sell any stock at all. (E) They disagree about whether X's policies are objectionable. 18.Which of the following, if true, would be evidence that the university would not be harmed economically if it followed Professor A's recommendation. (A) Very few of the companies in which the university owns stocks sell goods to X's government. (B) Most companies that have factories or business offices in X and in which the university owns stock actually do little of their business in X. (C) Some companies that have factories or business offices in X and in which the university owns stock have instituted fair treatment policies for their workers in X at very little additional cost to the companies. (D) The expected financial return to the university from stocks that the university could own under a policy of total divestment is approximately the same as the expected financial return from the same as the expected financial. (E) If the university sold large blocks of stock under a policy of total divestment, the prices of the stocks of the companies whose stocks were sold would probably decrease somewhat.
Professor A: We must make a strong moral statement against Country Xs policies. Only total divestmentthe sale of all stock in companies that have factories or business offices in Xcan do this. Therefore, the university should divest totally. Professor B: Our aim should be to encourage X to change its policies. Partial divestment is the best way to achieve this aim. Therefore, the university should sell its stock only in companies that either sell goods to Xs government, or do the majority of their business in X, or treat their workers in X unfairly. 17.Professor As and Professor Bs arguments differ in which of the following ways? (A) They state the same goal but propose different ways of achieving it. (B) They state different goals but propose the same way of achieving them. (C) They state different goals and propose different ways of achieving them. (D) They disagree about whether the university should sell any stock at all. (E) They disagree about whether Xs policies are objectionable. 18.Which of the following, if true, would be evidence that the university would not be harmed economically if it followed Professor As recommendation. (A) Very few of the companies in which the university owns stocks sell goods to Xs government. (B) Most companies that have factories or business offices in X and in which the university owns stock actually do little of their business in X. (C) Some companies that have factories or business offices in X and in which the university owns stock have instituted fair treatment policies for their workers in X at very little additional cost to the companies. (D) The expected financial return to the university from stocks that the university could own under a policy of total divestment is approximately the same as the expected financial return from the same as the expected financial. (E) If the university sold large blocks of stock under a policy of total divestment, the prices of the stocks of the companies whose stocks were sold would probably decrease somewhat.
Professor A: We must make a strong moral statement against Country Xs policies. Only total divestmentthe sale of all stock in companies that have factories or business offices in Xcan do this. Therefore, the university should divest totally. Professor B: Our aim should be to encourage X to change its policies. Partial divestment is the best way to achieve this aim. Therefore, the university should sell its stock only in companies that either sell goods to Xs government, or do the majority of their business in X, or treat their workers in X unfairly. 17.Professor As and Professor Bs arguments differ in which of the following ways? (A) They state the same goal but propose different ways of achieving it. (B) They state different goals but propose the same way of achieving them. (C) They state different goals and propose different ways of achieving them. (D) They disagree about whether the university should sell any stock at all. (E) They disagree about whether Xs policies are objectionable. 18.Which of the following, if true, would be evidence that the university would not be harmed economically if it followed Professor As recommendation. (A) Very few of the companies in which the university owns stocks sell goods to Xs government. (B) Most companies that have factories or business offices in X and in which the university owns stock actually do little of their business in X. (C) Some companies that have factories or business offices in X and in which the university owns stock have instituted fair treatment policies for their workers in X at very little additional cost to the companies. (D) The expected financial return to the university from stocks that the university could own under a policy of total divestment is approximately the same as the expected financial return from the same as the expected financial. (E) If the university sold large blocks of stock under a policy of total divestment, the prices of the stocks of the companies whose stocks were sold would probably decrease somewhat.
Guys!. Need an honest advice. For CR, i have gone through the Manhattan Guide and questions from OG 11 and OG 12, However i have not touched the GMAT CR Bible.
Do you think its worthwhile to go through the bible? Is it really indispensable? If yes, could someone please point out which chapters are a real value add and it would be a definite value add to go through them.
A news channel reporter raised a relevant question when a famous Astrologer referred to instances when his prophecies came true. The reporter asked, But what about those prophecies that turned out to be incorrect? We have a tendency to see what we wish to see and neglect everything that goes contrary to what we wish to see. Which one of the following is the best example of the error of reasoning described by the author in the paragraph? (a) December is the unluckiest month of a year. Just this past December, I not only lost my job but also a dear friend of mine. (b) I can no longer consider my lucky TV lucky. On the last ten occasions when I watched an India- Pakistan match on my TV, India lost the match. (c) I have appeared for the job interview and cleared the same, but I am not sure what is my lucky charm. (d) Every year around 10% students of IIM Ahmedabad opt out of placements to start their own ventures. So, we can assume that this year IIM Ahmedabad will place around 90% of its students.
Our moral system holds that speaking the truth is praise worthy only when a person chooses to speak the truth despite there being significant incentives for telling lies. However, our moral system also holds that speaking the truth is praiseworthy even if it is done out of habit. Which of the following, if true, does the most to reconcile the apparent conflict in the moral system mentioned above? (a) People who speak the truth withstand the temptation of speaking the lie because of the praise they are likely to receive. (b) People who habitually speak the truth have acquired this habit by resisting the temptation to tell lies for years. (c) The moral system gives direct and indirect incentives to train people to speak the truth. (d) People prefer to speak the truth because they want to portray themselves as moral individuals.
Our moral system holds that speaking the truth is praise worthy only when a person chooses to
speak the truth despite there being significant incentives for telling lies. However, our moral system also holds that speaking the truth is praiseworthy even if it is done out of habit. Which of the following, if true, does the most to reconcile the apparent conflict in the moral system mentioned above? (c) The moral system gives direct and indirect incentives to train people to speak the truth.
Hello, Somebody please help me with this question:
I have the answer but i need the explanation.
Between 1975 and 1985, nursing-home occupancy rates averaged 87 percent of capacity, while admission rates remained constant, at an average of 95 admissions per 1,000 beds per year. Between 1985 and 1988, however, occupancy rates rose to an average of 92 percent of capacity, while admission rates declined to 81 per 1,000 beds per year. If the statements above are true, which of the following conclusions can be most properly drawn? (A) The average length of time nursing-home residents stayed in nursing homes increased between 1985 and 1988. (B) The proportion of older people living in nursing homes was greater in 1988 than in 1975. (C) Nursing home admission rates tend to decline whenever occupancy rates rise. (D) Nursing homes built prior to 1985 generally had fewer beds than did nursing homes built between 1985 and 1988. (E) The more beds a nursing home has, the higher its occupancy rate is likely to be.
In the provinces that restricted alcoholic beverages, there was a short-term negative impact on restaurant visitation in the beginning of last year.