SET (47) PCs 
41. Since the IPCC report, the science has tended to confirm the idea that something serious is happening. In the 1990s, satellite data seemed to contradict the terrestrial data that showed temperatures rising. The disparity puzzled scientists and fuelled scepticism. The satellite data, it turned out, were wrong: having been put right, they now agree with terrestrial data that things are hotting up.__________________.
(1) Glaciers are melting surprisingly swiftly.
(2) Arctic sea ice, for instance, is melting unexpectedly fast, at 9% a decade.
(3) Observations about what is happening to the climate have tended to confirm what the models predicted would happen.
(4) A range of phenomena, such as hurricane activity, that were previously thought to be unconnected to climate change are now increasingly linked to it.
(5) The world is warming up because of human activity, the IPCC report has argued.
42. It is true that the allocation for secondary education has indeed increased by just under Rs 2,000 crore. But it is immediately evident that this is not even a small proportion of the requirement for meeting the growing demand given the population bulge and the need to ensure universal education up to Class VIII and increasing enrolment up to Class X ._________.
(1) This is despite the fact that the goal of sarva shiksha is nowhere near being reached.
(2) So clearly the Central government continues to wash its hands of the financial commitment that will be necessary to ensure universal school education.
(3) Since elementary education covers only up to Class V, the resources for Classes VI to VIII have to be met from the secondary education budget.
(4) While enrolment at the primary stages has improved the dropout rates remain very high, especially of girls.
(5) Even by the end of elementary school (Class V) at least 25 per cent of children in the relevant age group will not complete elementary education.
43. Former Director-General of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research R.A. Mashelkar has brought disgrace upon India's scientific establishment by producing a tawdry, poorly argued, unbalanced and pro-big business report on India's patents law, at the core of which lies rank plagiarism. Mashelkar has withdrawn the discredited report of the "Technical Expert Group on Patent Law Issues", which he headed. ____________________.
(1) He says he did this to uphold "scientific ethics".
(2) He says: "I stand by the report and its findings, 100 per cent... ."
(3) He claims that there was no "plagiarism" and that "it would be wrong to attach motives" to the fact that a critical part of his committee's report was bodily lifted from a previously published paper.
(4) He minimises and trivialises this thoroughly deplorable and indefensible practice as consisting of mere "technical inaccuracies" or a"copying error by the sub-committee" that wrote the draft.
(5) What is crucial is that the plagiarised portion forms the heart of the Mashelkar Committee's recommendation.
44. As far as I can recall, the Indian Penal Code, 1860, and the Information Technology Act, 2000, are the only laws dealing with the subject of obscenity in India. Section 292 of the IPC prohibits the sale of obscene books, pamphlet, and so on, and prescribes a sentence of two years and a fine of Rs 2,000 to a first offender. A repeat offender gets five years and a fine of Rs 5,000. Section 293 deals with sale of such material to a person under 20. ________________.
(1) This law has been invoked by the police in several instances of the Net being used to sell pornography.
(2) How far can acts of child pornography be brought under these sections will merit a debate.
(3) Section 67 of the IT Act deals directly with pornography on the Net.
(4) It renders publication or transmission of material that is lascivious or which appeals to the prurient interest of another person an offence punishable with a sentence of five years and a fine of Rs 100,000.
(5) Performing obscene acts and reciting obscene songs in public are punishable under Section 294.
45. With all the air-conditioning, the cushioned seats, the more comfortable coaches and all the rest,one needs really to look at the entire process of undertaking a train journey. Is it, one needs to consider,a passenger-friendly experience? This is not merely a matter of comfortable seats and all the other facilities being provided. The purchase of a ticket is where the process of a journey's assenger friendliness, or lack of it, begins. _______________.
(1) True, it comes with an assurance that it will almost certainly be confirmed on the day of the journey.
(2) Most passengers will agree that it is usual to get a wait-listed ticket even a fortnight before the journey.
(3) With all the counters, all the electronics, the computers and the now much-touted on-line booking arrangements, the process is as mystifying as it is harrowing.
(4) Why is it so difficult to provide a ticket that is confirmed, as in the case of an air journey?
(5) And the other great Indian railway mystery: No ticket has the passenger's name on it- just the letter.
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