A survey recently revealed a high correlation between a household's level of education and its library. Specifically, the more years of college and graduate school education received by the household's members, the more books in the household's library. The survey also indicated that the higher the education level of the household, the greater the percentage of books that are not works of fiction in its library.
Which of the following can be properly inferred from the survey results cited above?
a. People with a higher level of education prefer reading nonfiction to works of fiction. b. Households with low education levels generally own more works of fiction than do households with high education levels. c. Households with lower levels of education generally own more works of fiction than nonfiction. d. The higher the education level of a household, the fewer works of fiction owned by the household. e. Households with high education levels generally own more nonfiction books than do households with low education levels.
A tricky one ! I will go with E
E-> More years of education translates to more books, also more % of non-fiction books. Say, House1 -> 100 books (Assume House1 has more no of years of education) and has 50% fiction, 50 fiction, 50 non-fiction House2 -> 98 books (Assume House2 has less no of years of education thus less books), and has 50% fiction, 49 fiction, 49 non-fiction So we are able to satisfy the situation in the argument and reach the inference E.(Even though we took the same % of fiction and non-fiction for both the houses !)
A survey recently revealed a high correlation between a household's level of education and its library. Specifically, the more years of college and graduate school education received by the household's members, the more books in the household's library. The survey also indicated that the higher the education level of the household, the greater the percentage of books that are not works of fiction in its library.
Which of the following can be properly inferred from the survey results cited above?
a. People with a higher level of education prefer reading nonfiction to works of fiction. b. Households with low education levels generally own more works of fiction than do households with high education levels. c. Households with lower levels of education generally own more works of fiction than nonfiction. d. The higher the education level of a household, the fewer works of fiction owned by the household. e. Households with high education levels generally own more nonfiction books than do households with low education levels.
Nice one..
I will go with E.
Options A to D seems to be based on the passage and also some assumptions whereas option E is a perfect inference from the passage.
Take this: George Bernard Shaw wrote: That any sane nation, having observed that you could provide for the supply of bread by giving bakers a pecuniary interest in baking for you, should go on to give a surgeon a pecuniary interest in cutting off your leg is enough to make one despair of political humanity. Shaws statement would best serve as an illustration in an argument criticizing which of the following? (A) Dentists who perform unnecessary dental work in order to earn a profit (B) Doctors who increase their profits by specializing only in diseases that affect a large percentage of the population (C) Grocers who raise the price of food in order to increase their profit margins (D) Oil companies that decrease the price of their oil in order to increase their market share (E) Bakers and surgeons who earn a profit by supplying other peoples basic
Take this: George Bernard Shaw wrote: That any sane nation, having observed that you could provide for the supply of bread by giving bakers a pecuniary interest in baking for you, should go on to give a surgeon a pecuniary interest in cutting off your leg is enough to make one despair of political humanity. Shaws statement would best serve as an illustration in an argument criticizing which of the following? (A) Dentists who perform unnecessary dental work in order to earn a profit (B) Doctors who increase their profits by specializing only in diseases that affect a large percentage of the population (C) Grocers who raise the price of food in order to increase their profit margins (D) Oil companies that decrease the price of their oil in order to increase their market share (E) Bakers and surgeons who earn a profit by supplying other peoples basic
Will go with A
The argument states about doctors' cutting legs as a sarcastic comment that since cutting legs wud translate into more profits for the doctor, he will do so. A goes to the same point, cutting legs=unnecessary dental work
I am assumming that E ends with "peoples' basic needs", if there is more to it, then we might have to have a re-look at the question.
A survey recently revealed a high correlation between a household's level of education and its library. Specifically, the more years of college and graduate school education received by the household's members, the more books in the household's library. The survey also indicated that the higher the education level of the household, the greater the percentage of books that are not works of fiction in its library.
Which of the following can be properly inferred from the survey results cited above?
a. People with a higher level of education prefer reading nonfiction to works of fiction. b. Households with low education levels generally own more works of fiction than do households with high education levels. c. Households with lower levels of education generally own more works of fiction than nonfiction. d. The higher the education level of a household, the fewer works of fiction owned by the household. e. Households with high education levels generally own more nonfiction books than do households with low education levels.
I am confused between option A and E.
Please let me know why the answer option E is correct. When I first read this option I thought 'E' is also talking about numbers whereas the stem is about percentage.
Take this example -- Suppose household (A) with high education levels owns 100 books. Of this 60 are non-fiction and 40 are non-fiction And, a household with low education level (B) owns 1000 books.
600 fiction and 400 non-fiction.
Although, the precentage of non-fiction books held by A is more, the total number of books are lesser than those held by B.
-- After bit of a thinking I think the reason why option E is correct is because the sentence is saying household (A) with high education levels is owning more non-fiction as compared to his collection of fiction book. and the same reason for B?
While this is possible, "generally" this will not be the case (notice how E uses the term "generally"), since the passage suggests a direct correlation between the number of books and the education levels.
So, according to the passage, households with high education levels will "generally" own more books and "generally", a greater percentage of the books they own, will be non-fiction.
Take this: George Bernard Shaw wrote: That any sane nation, having observed that you could provide for the supply of bread by giving bakers a pecuniary interest in baking for you, should go on to give a surgeon a pecuniary interest in cutting off your leg is enough to make one despair of political humanity. Shaws statement would best serve as an illustration in an argument criticizing which of the following? (A) Dentists who perform unnecessary dental work in order to earn a profit (B) Doctors who increase their profits by specializing only in diseases that affect a large percentage of the population (C) Grocers who raise the price of food in order to increase their profit margins (D) Oil companies that decrease the price of their oil in order to increase their market share (E) Bakers and surgeons who earn a profit by supplying other peoples basic
hi - Can you tell me what's the source of this question? To me, this looks bit off track! Difficult to understand because of convoluted language.
OA is A. if one could deduce the meaning of "Pecuniary" -- means "consisting of money" -- A suits the purpose. Although C talks about Profits, it misses the word "unnecessary" which is the main poin in the argument.
Am curious to know why you think this is not the best option? Also, no other option even comes close for the very reason that you mentioned in one of your earlier posts: change of scope from "percentage" to "absolute numbers".
"Survey" type and "behavioral" questions in CR would typically fall into the same mould; after all, we are using the survey results to interpret/construe individual behavior. Surveys, by their very nature tell us what is "generally" true of "most" surveyed objects (in this case "households").
I was able to eliminate B,C and D because we cannot deduce any of these from the stem. But what I am saying is I got confused between A and E.
As you said, the use of word "Generally" makes E the correct answer choice. I was able to negate this statement by using the example I posted in my earlier post (A -100 books and B - 1000 books). May be the use of "Generally" is making this option correct.
Can you please help me understand why option A is incorrect.
Take this example -- Suppose household (A) with high education levels owns 100 books. Of this 60 are non-fiction and 40 are non-fiction And, a household with low education level (B) owns 1000 books.
600 fiction and 400 non-fiction.
Although, the precentage of non-fiction books held by A is more, the total number of books are lesser than those held by B.
Regarding the correlation obtained by the survey, the Passage states: "The more years of college and graduate school education received by the household's members, the more books in the household's library."
So we cant take A = 100 and B = 1000. To follow with the correlation, we must take it the other way round. And if u do so, you will be able to deduce option (E)
To be sure, Suppose no. of books a higher level education family has, B1 = F1 + N1 Suppose no. of books a lower level education family has, B2 = F2 + N2 F->Fiction N->Non Fiction Given that B1 > B2 ----(1) => F1 + N1 > F2 + N2
Also given is, N1/F1 > N2/F2 ---> F1/N1 (F1 + N1)/N1 B1/N1 From (1), we know that B1 > B2, Thus, from (2) we know that N1 > N2 ---> Which is what option (E) states.
The term 'generally' is used in option E) coz the survey revealed a 'high correlation' as suggested in the passage. So although there might be some exceptional cases of families that do not follow this correlation, generally a high %age of them do.
A says: People with a higher level of education "prefer" reading nonfiction to works of fiction.
Let us get personal here: ). Let us say: Saket "prefers" reading nonfiction to works of fiction.
What evidence do we need to prove this? Well, at a minimum, Saket should have "more number" of nonfiction books than "number" of fiction books.
But, do we have anything in the passage to suggest this? The passage only suggests that "the higher the education level, greater the percentage of books that are not works of fiction in its library".
So, if the worldwide average percentage of non-fiction books is 20%, it could be 30% for households with higher education level. This tells us nothing for us to conclude that the percentage of non-fiction books possessed by households with higher education level is greater than 50% (which has to be the case if we had to conclude that People with a higher level of education "prefer" reading nonfiction to works of fiction).
p.s. Just got reminded of a CR question that we can frame on this.
Question: A survey recently revealed that households with higher education level have more number of nonfiction books than fiction books. Clearly, people with a higher level of education prefer reading nonfiction to works of fiction. What is the assumption in the above argument?
Answer: The number of books of a genre that a household buys, is proportionate with the household's preference for that genre; ).
Yup the personal touch always works. Thanks for that. Got a question in BTG forum ... Will Ping you the details. Bit icky kind of CR question I encountered today.
Top Line Technologies and Eureka Industries distribute the same kind of rechargeable batteries to national electronic store chains. Employee wages comprise 38 percent of each company's total annual costs. In order to gain a competitive advantage over Eureka Industries, Top Line Technologies has proposed slashing employee wages by 10 percent.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?
A)Top Line Technologies' rechargeable batteries have received more consistent consumer approval ratings than have Eureka Industries'. B)Top Line Technologies will have to reduce the number of rechargeable batteries it distributes to client stores. C)Eureka Industries is headquartered in a city that has a higher cost of living than does the city where Top Line Technologies is headquartered. D)Top Line Technologies will begin distributing lower-quality rechargeable batteries. E)Lowered employee wages have no effect on the quantity of rechargeable batteries that can be distributed to the client stores
Somehow I got to know the OA but I am in dilemma. I am confused, rather worried about this question. If I tell you the OA is C then I have the reason to support that answer some way or the other. If I tell you the OA is E then also I have the reason to support that answer with some kind of reasoning. The problem to me in this question is that we have to make assumptions inorder to answer this question correctly. The OA is Indeed E and I chose C. Let me tell you my reasoning -
Stuck between C and E. I'll pick C. Reason why I did not pick E is that it talks in General. Means, If lowered employee wages have no effect on the quantity then obviously both the companies can choose this option. This way Top line will not have any advantage over Eureka.
Whereas, If you look at the option C, it says the cost of living in the city where Eureka is located has higher costs of living as compared to the city where Top line is located. Therefore, Eureka cannot choose that option, and the money thus saved can be put in for use in different areas within the company.
A recent report determined that although only 3 percent of drivers on Maryland highways equipped their vehicles with radar detectors, 33 percent of all vehicles ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were equipped with them. Clearly, drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are driver who do not.
The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions:
(A)Drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are less likely to be ticketed for exceeding the speed limit than are drivers who do not. (B)Drivers who are ticketed for exceeding the speed limit are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who are not ticketed. (C)The number of vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit was greater than number of vehicles that were equipped with radar detectors. (D)Many of the vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were ticketed more than once in the time period covered by the report. (E)Drivers on Maryland highways exceeded the speed limit more often than did drivers on other state highways not covered in the report.
A recent report determined that although only 3 percent of drivers on Maryland highways equipped their vehicles with radar detectors, 33 percent of all vehicles ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were equipped with them. Clearly, drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are driver who do not.
The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions:
(A)Drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are less likely to be ticketed for exceeding the speed limit than are drivers who do not. (B)Drivers who are ticketed for exceeding the speed limit are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who are not ticketed. (C)The number of vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit was greater than number of vehicles that were equipped with radar detectors. (D)Many of the vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were ticketed more than once in the time period covered by the report. (E)Drivers on Maryland highways exceeded the speed limit more often than did drivers on other state highways not covered in the report.
Looks like B to me... In the stem -- look at the key words.... 'ticketed' 'Regularly' -- means this statement will only hold true if the drivers who are ticketed for high speed limit will do that more often.
Top Line Technologies and Eureka Industries distribute the same kind of rechargeable batteries to national electronic store chains. Employee wages comprise 38 percent of each company's total annual costs. In order to gain a competitive advantage over Eureka Industries, Top Line Technologies has proposed slashing employee wages by 10 percent.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?
C)Eureka Industries is headquartered in a city that has a higher cost of living than does the city where Top Line Technologies is headquartered. this certainly cant be option same kind of rechargable batteries and 38% of annual costs itself shows the wages must be lower for line technologies than for eureka as per cost of living.so lowering employee wages would give negligible effect for competitive advantage over eureka industries E)Lowered employee wages have no effect on the quantity of rechargeable batteries that can be distributed to the client stores this means we can infer the annual costs will be less same quantity means profit earned now will be higher than in previous case. OA is in bold!! @saketh refrain from posting OAs with the awnsers you post as it spoils the broth of discussion.the person who posts Q gives others to particpate in discussion with proper reasoning till OA is posted by that person
Dude, Sorry if you do not want me to Post the OA, and I agree with you that it would limit the discussions on this forum. But, I had a reason to do so. If you read my post, it would be incomplete if I do not post the OA and My pick.. This way I wanted to encourage rather than discourage the discussion. 😃 ---
Do you agree that we have to make some kind of assumption inorder to arrive at the answer choice? -- like you did by using the words I've highlighted in Blue above ? Take an example -- what is 10% of 10 billion? -- 1 billion --- to me this is a significant amount.....
Fedora Convertibles began selling the Freewheeler its newest convertible sports car in May of this year. Fedora sent out a press release last month indicating that the Freewheelers sales for May, June, July, and August totaled over 50,000. As a result, Fedora will in all likelihood easily meet its stated sales goal of 120,000 for Freewheeler's first year of release. Which of the following would be most useful in order to evaluate this prediction? A> Fedora is the market leader in this category of automobile. B> Freewheeler is significantly more expensive than similar models produced by Fedoras competitors. C> Fedora released a similar model in May of the previous year. D> Sales of similar models of cars are typically much higher in the summer months than at any other time of the year. E> Freewheeler sales are important to meeting the sales goals of Fedora as a company.
Fedora Convertibles began selling the Freewheeler its newest convertible sports car in May of this year. Fedora sent out a press release last month indicating that the Freewheelers sales for May, June, July, and August totaled over 50,000. As a result, Fedora will in all likelihood easily meet its stated sales goal of 120,000 for Freewheeler's first year of release. Which of the following would be most useful in order to evaluate this prediction? A> Fedora is the market leader in this category of automobile. B> Freewheeler is significantly more expensive than similar models produced by Fedoras competitors. C> Fedora released a similar model in May of the previous year. D> Sales of similar models of cars are typically much higher in the summer months than at any other time of the year. E> Freewheeler sales are important to meeting the sales goals of Fedora as a company my take is in bold!!
I would also request if you could give some explanations behind your take. I will wait for some more answers if it comes up....:oops::oops::oops:
A recent report determined that although only 3 percent of drivers on Maryland highways equipped their vehicles with radar detectors, 33 percent of all vehicles ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were equipped with them. Clearly, drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are driver who do not.
The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions:
(A)Drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are less likely to be ticketed for exceeding the speed limit than are drivers who do not. (B)Drivers who are ticketed for exceeding the speed limit are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who are not ticketed. (C)The number of vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit was greater than number of vehicles that were equipped with radar detectors. (D)Many of the vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were ticketed more than once in the time period covered by the report. (E)Drivers on Maryland highways exceeded the speed limit more often than did drivers on other state highways not covered in the report.
The answer is it seems, as they have extrapolated an observation about Maryland highways, to make a sweeping generalization about all drivers.
A recent report determined that although only 3 percent of drivers on Maryland highways equipped their vehicles with radar detectors, 33 percent of all vehicles ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were equipped with them. Clearly, drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are driver who do not.
The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions:
(A)Drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are less likely to be ticketed for exceeding the speed limit than are drivers who do not. (B)Drivers who are ticketed for exceeding the speed limit are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who are not ticketed. (C)The number of vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit was greater than number of vehicles that were equipped with radar detectors. (D)Many of the vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were ticketed more than once in the time period covered by the report. (E)Drivers on Maryland highways exceeded the speed limit more often than did drivers on other state highways not covered in the report.
OA Highlighted
Hi Puys help me expain this one:
Fedora Convertibles began selling the Freewheeler its newest convertible sports car in May of this year. Fedora sent out a press release last month indicating that the Freewheelers sales for May, June, July, and August totaled over 50,000. As a result, Fedora will in all likelihood easily meet its stated sales goal of 120,000 for Freewheeler's first year of release. Which of the following would be most useful in order to evaluate this prediction? A> Fedora is the market leader in this category of automobile. B> Freewheeler is significantly more expensive than similar models produced by Fedoras competitors. C> Fedora released a similar model in May of the previous year. D> Sales of similar models of cars are typically much higher in the summer months than at any other time of the year. E> Freewheeler sales are important to meeting the sales goals of Fedora as a company.
To me, none of the options quite made a mark.
But i'd go with option D), which at best casts a doubt on the prediction, but still doesnt effectively negate it. So in a way, when the prediction states, that reaching the set goal is going to be 'in all likelihood an easy task', we can certainly say it doesnt necessarily have to be so.
--- to me this is a significant amount.....