It is illogical to infer a second and different effect from a cause which is known only by one particular effect. This is incorrect because the inferred effect must necessarily be produced by some different characteristic of the cause than is the observed effect, which already serves entirely to describe the cause. Which one of the following arguments makes the same logical error as the one described by the author in the passage? (A) An anonymous donor gave a thousand dollars to our historical society. I would guess that that individual also volunteers at the childrens hospital. (B) The radioactive material caused a genetic mutation, which, in turn, caused the birth defect. Therefore, the radioactive material caused the birth defect. (C) The tiny, unseen atom is the source of immense power. It must be its highly complex structure that produces this power. (D) The city orchestra received more funds from the local government this year than ever before. Clearly this administration is more civic-minded than previous ones. (E) If I heat water, which is a liquid, it evaporates. If I heat hundreds of other liquids like water, they evaporate. Therefore, if I heat any liquid like water, it will evaporate.
if the question bank from where you took this question has the explanation, can you please post that explanation for this particular question....Good question buddy, keep posting, thanks..
It is illogical to infer a second and different effect from a cause which is known only by one particular effect. This is incorrect because the inferred effect must necessarily be produced by some different characteristic of the cause than is the observed effect, which already serves entirely to describe the cause. Which one of the following arguments makes the same logical error as the one described by the author in the passage? (A) An anonymous donor gave a thousand dollars to our historical society. Iwould guess that thatindividual also volunteersat the childrens hospital. check the portion marked in bold the reasoning marked in question follows same logic in awnser A @ atul explanations are not posted but iwill try my level best to help our fellow puys make them understand the logic behind such Qs:cheerio:
A> Goes with the word "many", which is not justified B> means that all people younger than sims are capable of handling the issues, which, again, is incorrect C>Rotelle does not say anything about the abilities of young ppl, so this inference is also incorrect D>This is correct, IMO, because it says that if there is anyone capable of addressing the big issues, it will be someone younger than Sims E> Point of view is never the idea of the speaker, its Age
Rotelle: You are too old to address effectively the difficult issues facing the country, such as nuclear power, poverty, and pollution. Sims: I dont want to make age an issue in this campaign, so I will not comment on your youth and inexperience.
Rotelle is committed to which one of the following? (A) Many old people cannot effectively address the difficult issues facing the country. (B) Those at least as old as Sims are the only people who cannot effectively address the difficult issues facing the country. (C) Some young people can effectively address the difficult issues facing the country. (D) If anyone can effectively address the difficult issues facing the country, that person must be younger than Sims. (E) Addressing the difficult issues facing the country requires an understanding of young peoples points of view.
Will go with E Sources of these questions please? Does this multiple questions from one Set of statements form a part of Actual GMAT?
Rotelle: You are too old to address effectively the difficult issues facing the country, such as nuclear power, poverty, and pollution. Sims: I don't want to make age an issue in this campaign, so I will not comment on your youth and inexperience. 6. Sims does which one of the following? (A) demonstrates that Rotelle's claim is incorrect (B) avoids mentioning the issue of age (C) proposes a way to decide which issues are important (D) shows that Rotelle's statement is self-contradictory (E) fails to respond directly to Rotelle's claim
Rotelle: You are too old to address effectively the difficult issues facing the country, such as nuclear power, poverty, and pollution. Sims: I dont want to make age an issue in this campaign, so I will not comment on your youth and inexperience.
Rotelle is committed to which one of the following? (A) Many old people cannot effectively address the difficult issues facing the country. (B) Those at least as old as Sims are the only people who cannot effectively address the difficult issues facing the country. (C) Some young people can effectively address the difficult issues facing the country. (D) If anyone can effectively address the difficult issues facing the country, that person must be younger than Sims. (E) Addressing the difficult issues facing the country requires an understanding of young peoples points of view.
Its again a good one...i think the ans should be Op D
OpA--Incorrect, this choice generalizes Old people...while Rotelle specifically targets the people of Sim's age..for ex if Sim is 75 years old then other person of age 70 is also old but he can address the difficult issue.
OpB--Incorrect, Seems tempting but the use of word ONLY PEOPLE make this choice far too extreme
OpC--Incorrect,Rotelle is targeting at Sim's age and the question is Rotelle is coomitted to what??? so talking about the ability of some YOUNG people to address the issue is out of scope
OpD--Correct--clearly go with the Rotelle's claim as he is targeting at Sim's age in a strong tone
OpE---Incorrect--- our dear PM Manmohan singh understands many issues but under the pressure of all corrupt MP's he did not address those issues... similarly Rotelle is NOT talking about "Understanding" he is talking about "Addressing"...both words have different meaning..a person can Understand an issue but may not address the same because of some weakness or pressure etc...
Rotelle: You are too old to address effectively the difficult issues facing the country, such as nuclear power, poverty, and pollution. Sims: I dont want to make age an issue in this campaign, so I will not comment on your youth and inexperience. 6. Sims does which one of the following? (A) demonstrates that Rotelles claim is incorrect (B) avoids mentioning the issue of age (C) proposes a way to decide which issues are important (D) shows that Rotelles statement is self-contradictory (E) fails to respond directly to Rotelles claim
IMO Op E, good one
-->rotelle conclude that sim can not address difficult issues...Reasoning given is "Sim's age" --> Sim answered he dont wanna make age an issue therefore he will not comment
Op A--Incorrect, Sim is not refuting rotelle's claim in any way...he is actually defending himself... Op B--Incorrect,Sim did mention the age issue in the conversation and then said he dont wanna raise this issue OpC--Incorrec, Sim didn't proposed anything in his argument OPD--Incorrect, Sim didn't indicated any flaw in rotelle's statement so no way this op gonna be correct OpE---Correct, yes...as Sim did not oppose rotelle's claim plus is reasoning...just defending himself...means he didn't respond directly..
There is no reason why the work of scientists has to be officially confirmed before being published. There is a system in place for the confirmation or disconfirmation of scientific finding, namely, the replication of results by other scientists. Poor scientific work on the part of any one scientist, which can include anything from careless reporting practices to fraud, is not harmful. It will be exposed and rendered harmless when other scientists conduct the experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results
Which one of the following, if true, would weaken the argument? (A) Scientific experiments can go unchallenged for many years before they are replicated. (B) Most scientists work in universities, where their work is submitted to peer review before publication. (C) Most scientists are under pressure to make their work accessible to the scrutiny of replication. (D) In scientific experiments, careless reporting is more common than fraud. (E) Most scientists work as part of a team rather than alone.
IMO A
The conclusion is "There is no reason why the work of scientists has to be officially confirmed before being published."
Only A weakens the conclusion, although, NOT STRONGLY but still its the best choice we have..
Op B,C,E either strengthens or out of scope...Op D is irrelevant as it compares careless reporting and fraud..
The financial losses last quarter were not caused by the recession. Instead, stockholders and customers were reacting to the news, released last week, that our CEO will soon be brought to trial on charges of fraud. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the above claim?
A. Many businesses experienced significant losses last quarter due to the recession.
B. The last financial quarter ended more than two weeks ago.
C. Other businesses have experienced similar legal trouble without it affecting their finances.
D. Stockholders would likely have been suspicious of the CEO long before he was actually charged with fraud.
E. Many customers have said that the CEOs legal troubles have affected their perception of the company.
Last year, after the number of subway riders who had had their pockets picked at Central Station had risen to an all-time high, the transit authority erected signs in Central Station telling riders to beware of pickpockets. In the year since the signs have been erected, though, riders have had their pockets picked at Central Station at a per-capita rate nearly double that before the signs were erected.
Which of the following, if true, helps to explain the discrepancy pointed out in the passage?
A.) Since Central Stations major renovation, during which the signs were erected, Central Station has become much more attractive to tourists from out of town.
B.) Rising gas prices and a surging downtown job market have caused the daily number of riders at Central Station nearly to double within the past year.
C.) Riders walking past the new signs tend to rummage through their pockets or feel through their clothes to verify the presence of their possessions.
D.) The number of individuals convicted of petty theft or grand theft for picking pockets at Central Station has decreased within the past year.
E.) Most of the pickpockets victims were riding the subway during peak travel hours, when Central Station is especially crowded.
The financial losses last quarter were not caused by the recession. Instead, stockholders and customers were reacting to the news, released last week, that our CEO will soon be brought to trial on charges of fraud. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the above claim?
A. Many businesses experienced significant losses last quarter due to the recession.
B. The last financial quarter ended more than two weeks ago.
C. Other businesses have experienced similar legal trouble without it affecting their finances.
D. Stockholders would likely have been suspicious of the CEO long before he was actually charged with fraud.
E. Many customers have said that the CEOs legal troubles have affected their perception of the company
my take is in bold!! OA for my previous post is A!!
The OA is in Bold
The financial losses last quarter were not caused by the recession. Instead, stockholders and customers were reacting to the news, released last week, that our CEO will soon be brought to trial on charges of fraud. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the above claim?
A. Many businesses experienced significant losses last quarter due to the recession.
B. The last financial quarter ended more than two weeks ago.
C. Other businesses have experienced similar legal trouble without it affecting their finances.
D. Stockholders would likely have been suspicious of the CEO long before he was actually charged with fraud.
E. Many customers have said that the CEO's legal troubles have affected their perception of the company
Last year, after the number of subway riders who had had their pockets picked at Central Station had risen to an all-time high, the transit authority erected signs in Central Station telling riders to beware of pickpockets. In the year since the signs have been erected, though, riders have had their pockets picked at Central Station at a per-capita rate nearly double that before the signs were erected.
Which of the following, if true, helps to explain the discrepancy pointed out in the passage?
A.) Since Central Station's major renovation, during which the signs were erected, Central Station has become much more attractive to tourists from out of town.
B.) Rising gas prices and a surging downtown job market have caused the daily number of riders at Central Station nearly to double within the past year.
C.) Riders walking past the new signs tend to rummage through their pockets or feel through their clothes to verify the presence of their possessions.
D.) The number of individuals convicted of petty theft or grand theft for picking pockets at Central Station has decreased within the past year.
E.) Most of the pickpockets' victims were riding the subway during peak travel hours, when Central Station is especially crowded
The financial losses last quarter were not caused by the recession. Instead, stockholders and customers were reacting to the news, released last week, that our CEO will soon be brought to trial on charges of fraud. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the above claim?
A. Many businesses experienced significant losses last quarter due to the recession.
B. The last financial quarter ended more than two weeks ago.
C. Other businesses have experienced similar legal trouble without it affecting their finances.
D. Stockholders would likely have been suspicious of the CEO long before he was actually charged with fraud.
E. Many customers have said that the CEO's legal troubles have affected their perception of the company
Reasosns: first the question is "would most weaken the above claim" means there can be many ans choices weakening this claim but one which will weaken most out of all is our answer choice...
secondly, the claim is actually a cause-effect relationship... News releases LAST WEEK causes negative reaction of customers which in turn causes financial loss last quarter
in other words, X --> Y---->Z
Now in option B, "The last financial quarter ended more than two weeks ago." means LOSS already happened 2 weeks ago...means the LOSS happened one week before the news was released....means NEWS in any case can not cause the damage...as it occurred after the damage we can say, Z did not happen because of X....
This ans choice as i stated earlier most seriously weakens the conclusion...other may have weaken but not as strong as OP B...
Last year, after the number of subway riders who had had their pockets picked at Central Station had risen to an all-time high, the transit authority erected signs in Central Station telling riders to beware of pickpockets. In the year since the signs have been erected, though, riders have had their pockets picked at Central Station at a per-capita rate nearly double that before the signs were erected. Which of the following, if true, helps to explain the discrepancy pointed out in the passage?
A.) Since Central Station's major renovation, during which the signs were erected, Central Station has become much more attractive to tourists from out of town.
B.) Rising gas prices and a surging downtown job market have caused the daily number of riders at Central Station nearly to double within the past year.
C.) Riders walking past the new signs tend to rummage through their pockets or feel through their clothes to verify the presence of their possessions.
D.) The number of individuals convicted of petty theft or grand theft for picking pockets at Central Station has decreased within the past year.
E.) Most of the pickpockets' victims were riding the subway during peak travel hours, when Central Station is especially crowded
Here's the explanation: We need to resolve the discrepancy that:
1) Authorities have posted signs to warn people to be more careful about pickpockets 2) Since that point, pickpocketing has actually INCREASED
What C does (or attempts to do) is link the two together by saying that the signs actually provoke potential victims to signal the locations of their possessions to potential thieves by rummaging in their pockets, therefore making it easier for pickpockets to locate the items they want to steal.
Moreover, 1) The "conclusion" of the passage is that "riders have had their pockets picked at twice the PER-CAPITA (per/person) rate". So the number of riders shouldn't matter - we're already looking at "per person", so if the rate went up to 2x per person, and we have twice as many people, then rates are up four times the original, and it's still a strangely escalating problem. The stimulus overrides B with the "per capita" tag.
Advertisers are often criticized for their unscrupulous manipulation of peoples tastes and wants. There is evidence, however, that some advertisers are motivated by moral as well as financial considerations. A particular publication decided to change its image from being a family newspaper to concentrating on sex and violence, thus appealing to a different readership. Some advertisers withdrew their advertisements from the publication, and this must have been because they morally disapproved of publishing salacious material. Which one of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument? (A) The advertisers switched their advertisements to other family newspapers. (B) Some advertisers switched from family newspapers to advertise in the changed publication. (C) The advertisers expected their product sales to increase if they stayed with the changed publication, but to decrease if they withdrew. (D) People who generally read family newspapers are not likely to buy newspapers that concentrate on sex and violence. (E) It was expected that the changed publication would appeal principally to those in a different income group.
IMO C
Reasons: " Some advertisers withdrew their advertisements from the publication, and this must have been because they morally disapproved of publishing salacious material." In short the reasoning given is--- advertisers withdrew their adds because of Morally disapproved material or X (Morally disapproved material) causes Y(withdrawal of adds) or X cause Y
what if advertisers withdrew their adds because of some other reason...may be they think removing adds from this particular newspaper goona be financially beneficial....means Z causes Y..in that case argument becomes weak, Option C diminishes that probability hence C wins Wats the OA??
Ill go with D, by eliminating all the others, A>There is nothing written which points to this answer B>Its already counted in the 7 C>The margin is a few million years E>Equal relation is not talked about at all
So we are left with D !!1
One method of dating the emergence of species is to compare the genetic material of related species. Scientists theorize that the more genetically similar two species are to each other, the more recently they diverged from a common ancestor. After comparing genetic material from giant pandas, red pandas, raccoons, coatis, and all seven bear species, scientists concluded that bears and raccoons diverged 30 to 50 million years ago. They further concluded that red pandas separated from the ancestor of todays raccoons and coatis a few million years later, some 10 million years before giant pandas diverged from the other bears. Which one of the following can be properly inferred from the passage? (A) Giant pandas and red pandas are more closely related than scientists originally thought they were. (B) Scientists now count the giant panda as the eighth species of bear. (C) It is possible to determine, within a margin of just a few years, the timing of divergence of various species. (D) Scientists have found that giant pandas are more similar genetically to bears than to raccoons. (E) There is substantial consensus among scientists that giant pandas and red pandas are equally related to raccoons.
Ill go with D..... if we negate D, the whole advert will fall apart, since the brand remains of no value. I did not choose C, since it says "no foreign made parts", which is too broad a view to consider, in this case.
Advertisement: Clark brand-name parts are made for cars manufactured in this country. They satisfy all of our government automotive test-the toughest such tests in the world. With foreign-made parts, you never know which might be reliable and which are cheap look-alikes that are poorly constructed and liable to cost you hundreds of dollars in repairs. Therefore, be smart and insist on brand-name parts by Clark for your car. The argument requires the assumption that (A) Clark parts are available only in this country (B) foreign-made parts are not suitable for cars manufactured in this country (C) no foreign-made parts satisfy our government standards (D) parts that satisfy our government standards are not as poorly constructed as cheap foreign-made parts (E) if parts are made for cars manufactured in our country, they are not poorly constructed
Advertisement: Clark brand-name parts are made for cars manufactured in this country. They satisfy all of our government automotive testthe toughest such tests in the world. With foreign-made parts, you never know which might be reliable and which are cheap look-alikes that are poorly constructed and liable to cost you hundreds of dollars in repairs. Therefore, be smart and insist on brand-name parts by Clark for your car. The argument requires the assumption that (C) no foreign-made parts satisfy our government standards OA is in bold!!
