GMAT Critical Reasoning Discussions

my answers in red.
14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?

A. Kellermann may not have been a good judge of the characteristics that make a fine composer.
B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.
C. The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class composer.
D. The opinion of one man counts little when rating composers against each other.
E. Whether one particular composer is finer than another is a subjective decision, rather than an objective one


28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed.
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.


40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year.
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany..

Originally Posted by mukultcs View Post
Please also post reason for choosing answer

14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?

A. Kellermann may not have been a good judge of the characteristics that make a fine composer.
B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.---->
C. The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class composer.
D. The opinion of one man counts little when rating composers against each other.
E. Whether one particular composer is finer than another is a subjective decision, rather than an objective one


28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed.
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.


40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year.
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany.

Above are my answers.... :)



My Take :

1. C
2. C
3. C
Please also post reason for choosing answer

14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?

A. Kellermann may not have been a good judge of the characteristics that make a fine composer.
B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.
C. The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class composer.
D. The opinion of one man counts little when rating composers against each other.
E. Whether one particular composer is finer than another is a subjective decision, rather than an objective one


28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed.
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.


40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year.
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany.

My answers in Bold.
Please also post reason for choosing answer

14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?
B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.

tricky question. Meaning we need to choose something that when counter argued will not weaken the conclusion or rather strengthen the conclusion. so we have to find 4 choices which can be counterargued and one which cant be or the one which wont make much stronger counter argument.
28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed.
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.


40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.

cause: long winter evening
effect: suicides
use variance test.
if summer months have also the same number of suicides as that in winter, then cause is not the cause and argument falls apart.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year.
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany.

my answers are in blue. plz post OAs.
14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?

A. Kellermann may not have been a good judge of the characteristics that make a fine composer.

B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.
C. The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class composer. - OUT OF SCOPE
D. The opinion of one man counts little when rating composers against each other.
E. Whether one particular composer is finer than another is a subjective decision, rather than an objective one
28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed. (So the rate is higher for deaths).
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.
40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year. (To test the hypothesis we need the hours in the evenings; the key factor).
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany.


Red= eliminated.
Blue= Contender.
Green=My take.
Explanation after OA.
14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?

A. Kellermann may not have been a good judge of the characteristics that make a fine composer.

B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.
C. The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class composer. - OUT OF SCOPE
D. The opinion of one man counts little when rating composers against each other.
E. Whether one particular composer is finer than another is a subjective decision, rather than an objective one
28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed. (So the rate is higher for deaths).
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.
40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year. (To test the hypothesis we need the hours in the evenings; the key factor).
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany.


Red= eliminated.
Blue= Contender.
Green=My take.
Explanation after OA.



for question no.2, IMO - C, because if people cross a street much more (many times) than taking a flight, the chances for the former leading to mishaps is more than the latters'. B is wrong because we have to find something which will find a flaw in the logic, acc to B death rate for flights shud be more so it shud mean that transatlantic flight is not safe, but it does not mention anything regarding people on streets..

for question 3, IMO - C, If we can find out a way by which we can diffrenciate between suicides in Christmas(Summers in Australia) and winters then that should be the answer .. D is irrelevant to the fact ..

Hope this clears the confusion, anyways what are the OA's ??
Please also post reason for choosing answer

14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?

A. Kellermann may not have been a good judge of the characteristics that make a fine composer.
B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.
C. The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class composer.
D. The opinion of one man counts little when rating composers against each other.
E. Whether one particular composer is finer than another is a subjective decision, rather than an objective one

OA and OE :The only choice which is completely irrelevant is choice (C). This states that the qualities that make a world-class composer aren't those that make a world-class pianist. However, Kellerman is being held up as an authority on judging composers, not as a composer himself. If the choice had said "The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class judge of composers." then it would have been a valid criticism of the text....I had doubts on why not choice B but once I re -read I understood it.

28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed.
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.

OA and OE : Livingstone's comparison is between the safety of crossing the street and flying across the Atlantic. If there is an error in his statement, then we must attack this comparison directly. Comparing the crime rates of two cities, one on either side of the Atlantic, their safety rates when crossing the streets, or the safety record of different airlines is specious as it says nothing about this particular comparison. Eliminate choices (A), (D) and (E).
Choice (B) is quite a good answer, except it does not attack the comparison directly. It says nothing about the general risk of flying compared to the general risk of crossing the street because it does not compare the probability of being involved in a plane crash compared to the probability of a road traffic accident.

However, choice (C) does point out a logical error. If crossing the street is more dangerous than flying across the Atlantic, then crossing several streets and then flying the Atlantic must be even more dangerous still. Unless one lives right next to the airport, then what Livingstone suggested is the most dangerous option of all. Correct answer (C).

My point: the question mentions "crossing the street" and not "crossing streets", that means there is just one street, had the question been "London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing streets while going home" then C would have been correct. E looks ok to me because it says that you can't do a blanket comparison between flying and crossing street ,there are other parameters also involved....whatz say ?

40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year.
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany.

OA and OE : C .The hypothesis proposed is that the high suicide rate is caused not by the Christmas celebrations, but by the winter weather. What we really need is a way of separating these two possible causes. Australia gives us that nicely: Australians have their winter in July (it's the southern hemisphere) and their Christmas in December so a comparison of the suicide rates in these two months would provide the required comparison.
The other choices are simply distractors. They provide no way of distinguishing between the suicide rate due to Christmas and that due to long nights and cold weather


I had a doubt on why A was ruled out ,but pretty clear now.



Answers updated inline.

Originally Posted by mukultcs View Post
Please also post reason for choosing answer

14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?

A. Kellermann may not have been a good judge of the characteristics that make a fine composer.
B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.
C. The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class composer.
D. The opinion of one man counts little when rating composers against each other.
E. Whether one particular composer is finer than another is a subjective decision, rather than an objective one

OA and OE :The only choice which is completely irrelevant is choice (C). This states that the qualities that make a world-class composer aren't those that make a world-class pianist. However, Kellerman is being held up as an authority on judging composers, not as a composer himself. If the choice had said "The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class judge of composers." then it would have been a valid criticism of the text....I had doubts on why not choice B but once I re -read I understood it.

28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed.
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.

OA and OE : Livingstone's comparison is between the safety of crossing the street and flying across the Atlantic. If there is an error in his statement, then we must attack this comparison directly. Comparing the crime rates of two cities, one on either side of the Atlantic, their safety rates when crossing the streets, or the safety record of different airlines is specious as it says nothing about this particular comparison. Eliminate choices (A), (D) and (E).
Choice (B) is quite a good answer, except it does not attack the comparison directly. It says nothing about the general risk of flying compared to the general risk of crossing the street because it does not compare the probability of being involved in a plane crash compared to the probability of a road traffic accident.

However, choice (C) does point out a logical error. If crossing the street is more dangerous than flying across the Atlantic, then crossing several streets and then flying the Atlantic must be even more dangerous still. Unless one lives right next to the airport, then what Livingstone suggested is the most dangerous option of all. Correct answer (C).

My point: the question mentions "crossing the street" and not "crossing streets", that means there is just one street, had the question been "London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing streets while going home" then C would have been correct. E looks ok to me because it says that you can't do a blanket comparison between flying and crossing street ,there are other parameters also involved....whatz say ?

40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year.
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany.

OA and OE : C .The hypothesis proposed is that the high suicide rate is caused not by the Christmas celebrations, but by the winter weather. What we really need is a way of separating these two possible causes. Australia gives us that nicely: Australians have their winter in July (it's the southern hemisphere) and their Christmas in December so a comparison of the suicide rates in these two months would provide the required comparison.
The other choices are simply distractors. They provide no way of distinguishing between the suicide rate due to Christmas and that due to long nights and cold weather


I had a doubt on why A was ruled out ,but pretty clear now.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ohhhhh boy...what is the source of these questions. On reading the questions I thought they are alright but reading the OE.....man...Are you serious here .....? These questions definitely imply one thing...."the author is kidding"...
Comments in RED.

Australians have their winter in July (it's the southern hemisphere)
Comments in RED.

Dude Australians have their winters in July is pretty common fact..where is the assumption ? I agree with the previous question's logic..it is definitely funny.
mukultcs Says
Dude Australians have their winters in July is pretty common fact..where is the assumption ? I agree with the previous question's logic..it is definitely funny.

I'd agree with you here. The correct option choices have so much ambiguity and assumption flaws that these questions cant definitely be from a real GMAT source. For example, in the airplane and crash question, the correct answer itself has so many assumptions. What if people took Cabs?(as pointed by you?), What if they took tube?, How many people do actually cross streets to catch an airplane?

I tried looking for the source and here is what I found:

Verbal Test

After visiting the link, I had my apprehensions confirmed that these set of questions can definitely be skipped for the reasoning they present.


@mukultcs- I would agree with a common fact like "winters are cold", "summers are hot" and "sun rises from the east"....but if you tell me we can take the fact that "Australia has winters in July" as a common fact, no way man. This has to be mentioned in the Argument itself.

@ankitgarg20, thanks for finding that out. Looks like a fancy blog to me.
Originally Posted by mukultcs View Post
Please also post reason for choosing answer

14. The world-famous eighteenth century pianist Dietrich Kellermann regarded Wolfgang Mozart as the finest composer of his generation, until he met the young Ludwig van Beethoven. We can conclude from this that Beethoven was a finer composer than Mozart was.
Which of the following could not be used as a counter-argument to that conclusion?

A. Kellermann may not have been a good judge of the characteristics that make a fine composer.
B. Kellermann may have regarded Mozart as the finest composer of his generation after he met Beethoven.
C. The qualities that make a world-class pianist aren't necessarily those that make a world-class composer.
D. The opinion of one man counts little when rating composers against each other.
E. Whether one particular composer is finer than another is a subjective decision, rather than an objective one

OA and OE :The only choice which is completely irrelevant is choice (C). This states that the qualities that make a world-class composer aren't those that make a world-class pianist. However, Kellerman is being held up as an authority on judging composers, not as a composer himself. If the choice had said "The qualities that make a world-class pianist arent necessarily those that make a world-class judge of composers." then it would have been a valid criticism of the text....I had doubts on why not choice B but once I re -read I understood it.

28. On 31st October 2001, Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London reported that going from London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing the street. His remark was illogical because it ignores the fact that

A. there is a great deal of crime in both New York and London.
B. Most of the time, when airplanes crash everyone on board is killed.
C. People have to cross several streets in order to get from home to the airports.
D. Crossing the street is slightly more dangerous in New York than it is in London.
E. Some airlines have a worse safety record than others.

OA and OE : Livingstone's comparison is between the safety of crossing the street and flying across the Atlantic. If there is an error in his statement, then we must attack this comparison directly. Comparing the crime rates of two cities, one on either side of the Atlantic, their safety rates when crossing the streets, or the safety record of different airlines is specious as it says nothing about this particular comparison. Eliminate choices (A), (D) and (E).
Choice (B) is quite a good answer, except it does not attack the comparison directly. It says nothing about the general risk of flying compared to the general risk of crossing the street because it does not compare the probability of being involved in a plane crash compared to the probability of a road traffic accident.
However, choice (C) does point out a logical error. If crossing the street is more dangerous than flying across the Atlantic, then crossing several streets and then flying the Atlantic must be even more dangerous still. Unless one lives right next to the airport, then what Livingstone suggested is the most dangerous option of all. Correct answer (C).
My point: the question mentions "crossing the street" and not "crossing streets", that means there is just one street, had the question been "London to New York on a transatlantic flight was safer than crossing streets while going home" then C would have been correct. E looks ok to me because it says that you can't do a blanket comparison between flying and crossing street ,there are other parameters also involved....whatz say ?

40. In countries such as Britain and the United States of America the suicide rate is at its highest during the winter months, ironically when most people are celebrating Christmas. One hypothesis suggests that this is generally due to the long winter evenings rather than to the timing of the Christmas festivities themselves.

Which of the following would be the most useful in testing such a hypothesis?
A. A large-scale questionnaire distributed in Britain and the United States asking people about their attitudes to Christmas.
B. Government statistics that show the numbers of suicides in the summer and winter months.
C. A studying comparing the suicide rates in Australia in July and in December (which is when Australians celebrate Christmas).
D. Astronomical tables showing the exact number of hours of daylight for every day of the year.
E. Official statistics listing the proportion of suicides that take place during the winter months in other European countries such as France and Germany.

OA and OE : C .The hypothesis proposed is that the high suicide rate is caused not by the Christmas celebrations, but by the winter weather. What we really need is a way of separating these two possible causes. Australia gives us that nicely: Australians have their winter in July (it's the southern hemisphere) and their Christmas in December so a comparison of the suicide rates in these two months would provide the required comparison.
The other choices are simply distractors. They provide no way of distinguishing between the suicide rate due to Christmas and that due to long nights and cold weather

I had a doubt on why A was ruled out ,but pretty clear now.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ohhhhh boy...what is the source of these questions. On reading the questions I thought they are alright but reading the OE.....man...Are you serious here .....? These questions definitely imply one thing...."the author is kidding"...
Comments in RED.



Oh.. Man... Dat was all fun to read....!! I mean, are they really CR questions!!
Huh!! I need coffee now πŸ˜‰
Interesting one... ;)


United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care. Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?
(A) Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy, such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients.
(B) If hospitals do not find ways to raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they must either deny some of that care of suffer losses if they give it.
(C) Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to afford private insurance for hospital care.
(D) If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care.
(E) Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such donations are at present declining.
Interesting one... ;)


United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care. Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?
(A) Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy, such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients.
(B) If hospitals do not find ways to raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they must either deny some of that care of suffer losses if they give it.
(C) Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to afford private insurance for hospital care.
(D) If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care.
(E) Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such donations are at present declining.


Well I would go with option (B) for this one...
wts the OA??
Well I would go with option (B) for this one...
wts the OA??



Probability of Option B being right : 1/5
Probability of Option B being wrong : 4/5

Let me tell once you post your EXPLANATION for this :)
Over to you πŸ˜ƒ
Interesting one... ;)
United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care. Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.

Premise 1:
United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care.
Premise 2:
Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills.
Premise 3:
Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.
Conclusion-If the United States hospitals donot find new ways to offset the losses to offset losses from unreimbursed care they will continue to suffer losses as the insurance companies donot pay anything extra to offset those losses.


Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?
(A) Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy, such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients. -
(Out of scope)
(B) If hospitals do not find ways to raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they must either deny some of that care of suffer losses if they give it. - Conclusion
(C) Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to afford private insurance for hospital care. -
(Out of scope)
(D) If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care. - Assumption
(E) Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such donations are at present declining.
-(Out of scope)
Interesting one... ;)
United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care. Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?
(A) Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy, such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients.
(B) If hospitals do not find ways to raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they must either deny some of that care of suffer losses if they give it.
(C) Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to afford private insurance for hospital care.
(D) If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care.
(E) Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such donations are at present declining.


my take-

option d
Interesting one... ;)
United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care. Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?
(A) Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy, such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients.
(B) If hospitals do not find ways to raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they must either deny some of that care of suffer losses if they give it.
(C) Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to afford private insurance for hospital care.
(D) If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care.
(E) Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such donations are at present declining.


I'll go with B.

Using POE, we can size down to B and D.

D: even if the costs are reduced, insurers will pay the actual costs (or less than that), and this might not lead to compensating for un-reimbursed care.

B can be reasonably concluded.

What's the OA?
Interesting one... ;)


United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care. Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?
(A) Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy, such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients.
(B) If hospitals do not find ways to raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they must either deny some of that care of suffer losses if they give it.
(C) Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to afford private insurance for hospital care.
(D) If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care.
(E) Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such donations are at present declining.

I will go with option D because currently hospitals are facing losses because of unreimbursed care which insurance companies are not paying may be because of too cost of such care so hopitals can reduce their cost then insurance companies can pay on such care

Though B looks some what right but we are not so sure how much losses hopitals can recover from raising additional income & also can hospitals deny some services?
Interesting one... ;)
United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care. Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?
(A) Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy, such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients.
(B) If hospitals do not find ways to raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they must either deny some of that care of suffer losses if they give it.
(C) Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to afford private insurance for hospital care.
(D) If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care.
(E) Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such donations are at present declining.


IMO answer should be B. Here is my reason behind choosing so.
Premise: US Hospitals have relied on revenues from paying patients to pay for the unreimbursed patients. Further paying patients mostly pay through the insurance companies.

Situation: Recently insurance companies have limited paying money to the hospitals only to the extent of actual costs.

Conclusion: The hospitals may not have extra money now which they used to have earlier.

B restates the same conclusion. It says that if the hospitals do not find ways to raise additional money they may have to deny treatement to unreimbursed care. So B wins.
What is the OA ?

Try this,

The anticipated retirement of tens of thousands of baby boomers will create an unprecedented opportunity to move significant numbers of people into career-track jobs at family-supporting incomes. Major industries, from health care and construction to automotive repair, will soon face deep shortages of workers as a result of projected growth and boomer retirements. Fortunately, many of these jobs have relatively low barriers to entry and could be filled by out-of-work young people. To achieve this result, the city government should convene employers and educators to determine how best to create paths of upward mobility in these fields.

Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument?

a) Immigration reform will limit the pool of available workers.
b) Government efforts have been shown to affect employment trends only rarely.
c) The best available positions require skills not possessed by the vast majority of the unemployed.
d) A small proportion of baby boomers will not retire as soon as is anticipated.
e) Many out-of-work young people are unaware of these looming employment opportunities

Try this,

The anticipated retirement of tens of thousands of baby boomers will create an unprecedented opportunity to move significant numbers of people into career-track jobs at family-supporting incomes. Major industries, from health care and construction to automotive repair, will soon face deep shortages of workers as a result of projected growth and boomer retirements. Fortunately, many of these jobs have relatively low barriers to entry and could be filled by out-of-work young people. To achieve this result, the city government should convene employers and educators to determine how best to create paths of upward mobility in these fields.

Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument?

a) Immigration reform will limit the pool of available workers.
b) Government efforts have been shown to affect employment trends only rarely.
c) The best available positions require skills not possessed by the vast majority of the unemployed.
d) A small proportion of baby boomers will not retire as soon as is anticipated.
e) Many out-of-work young people are unaware of these looming employment opportunities