NABARD Development Assistant exam - 2018

 

VERY IMPORTANT ESSAY: Role of IT in Agriculture:

In the framework of agriculture, impact of information technology can be evaluated broadly under two categories. First, Information technology as a tool for direct contribution to agricultural productivity and secondly, it is an indirect tool for empowering agriculturalists to take informed and quality decisions which will have positive impact on the agriculture and allied activities conducted. Precision agriculture which is popular in developed countries, broadly uses information technology to make direct contribution to agricultural efficiency.The indirect advantages of information technology in empowering Indian farmer are significant and remains to be exploited. The Indian farmer instantly requires timely and reliable sources of information inputs for taking decisions. Currently, farmers depend on dropping down of decision inputs from conventional sources which are slow and unreliable. The changing environment faced by Indian farmers makes information not just useful, but necessary to stay competitive.It is well recognized that E-Agriculture is a developing field focusing on the augmentation of agricultural and rural development through better information and communication processes. More precisely, e-Agriculture involves the conceptualization, design, development, evaluation and application of innovative ways to use information and communication technologies in the rural area, with a primary focus on agriculture.Information technology can aid Indian farmer to get significant information regarding agro-inputs, crop production technologies, agro processing, market support, agro-finance and management of farm agri-business. The agricultural extension tool is becoming dependent on Information technology to provide appropriate and location specific technologies for the farmers to provide timely and proficient advice to the farmers. Information technology can be a best means not only to develop agricultural extension but also to expand agriculture research and education system. Internet can bring revolution in agricultural education management through smart exposure of agricultural teachers and educational planners, class rooms, virtual class as well as dropout agricultural learners. For agricultural extension management, role of Information technology can be encouraged for future resource documentation, as methods of extension and linkage between research and extension.Information technology in agricultural research management for textual and non-textual documentations and deciding prioritization of research areas needs to be reinforced. The crop forecasting, input management, command area management, watershed management, land and water resources development , drinking water potential mapping precision management, natural disaster management, fishery management , hill area development and post-harvest management are major areas, where Information Technology has vital role. There are some technologies helpful for farmers to enhance productivity. Numerous methods like the practises of remote sensing using satellite technologies, geographical information systems, and agronomy and soil sciences are used to increase the agricultural productivity: 

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Key Highlights of Indian Budget 2019-20 for Agriculture and Allied Sectors:

• For the welfare of farmers and for doubling their income, historic decision was taken to increase MSP by 1.5 times the production cost for all 22 crops -as per the Finance Minister

• To provide assured income support for small and marginal farmers, Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi scheme has been approved. Farmers owning upto 2 hectares to get Rs 6,000 per year in 3 instalments. The program will be effective December 1, 2018, and the money will be directly transferred into their account. Expect spend of Rs 75.000 crore on this scheme. About 12 crore farmers will benefit from it.

• Have increased allocation for Rashtriya Gokul Mission scheme to Rs 750 crore for protection of cows

• Rs 20,000 crore to be spent on PM Kisan Scheme in FY19.
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• Instead of rescheduling of crop loans, those farmers severely affected by natural calamities will get 2% interest subvention and additional 3% interest subvention upon timely repayment.

• 2% interest subvention to farmers pursuing animal husbandry and fisheries

•More than 7,000 beneficiaries of PM Mudra Yojana are women. 15.56 crore loans of 7.23 lakh crore disbursed under MUDRA Yojana.

• In the last 5 years under all categories of workers, minimum wages increased by 42% which is the highest ever.

• 34 crore Jan Dhan Yojana accounts opened in last five years..

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AGRICULTURE MCQS FOR NABARD DA EXAM 2019

IMPORTANT MCQS

1. The science concerned with vegetable culture is called

(a) floriculture

(b) olericulture

(c) horticulture

(d) agriculture

*Ans. (b)*

2. Which of the following elements is almost non essential for plants?

(a) Ca

(b) Mo

(c) Zn

(d) Na

*Ans. (d)*

3. Although a deficiency of any one of the elements listed may result in chlorosis, only one of these elements is an element found in chlorophyll. Which is it?

(a) Zinc

(b) Iron

(c) Magnesium

(d) Chloride

*Ans. (c)*

4. Which of the following elements is not present in a nitrogenous base?

(a) Hydrogen

(b) Carbon

(c) Phosphorus

(d) Nitrogen

*Ans. (c)*

5. A water-fern, which is used as a green manure in rice fields, is

(a) Salvinia

(b) Mucor

(c) Aspergillus

(d) Azolla

*Ans. (d)*

6. Green manure plants used by farmers mainly belong to

(a) compositae

(b) leguminosae

(c) solanaceae

(d) poaceae

*Ans. (b)*

7. Major food crops of the world belongs to

(a) leguminosae

(b) gramineae

(c) solanaceae

(d) cruciferae

*Ans. (b)*

8. The principal cereal crop of India is

(a) wheat

(b) rice

(c) barley

(d) sorghum

*Ans. (b)*

9. Which one among the following chemicals is used for causing defoliation of forest trees?

(a) Posphon D

(b) Malic hydrazide

(c) 2, 4-D

(d) Amo 1618

*Ans. (c)*

10. Bioherbicides have been recommended

(a) to prevent ecodegradation

(b) because of their ready availability

(c) because of their cheap rates

(d) because of their abundance

*Ans. (a)*

11. The most important weed against which eradication measures would be taken on war

footings is

(a) Eichhornia

(b) Dactylis

(c) Parthenium

(d) Ageratum

*Ans. (c)*

12. Water logging of soil makes it physiologically dry because

(a) this condition does not allow the capillary force to work

(b) this condition does not allow oxygen to enter the soil

(c) both (a) and (b)

(d) none of these

*Ans. (b)*

13. Which one of the following is natural insecticide?

(a) pyrethrum

(b) nicotine

(c) both (a) and (b)

(d) none of these

*Ans. (C)

14. The process by which nutrient chemicals or contaminants are dissolved and carried away by water, or are moved into a lower layer of soil

(a) mulching

(b) desertification

(c) incineration

(d) leaching

*Ans. (d)*

15. Which of the following is an example of a weed of rabi season that infest wheat crop?

(a) Chenopodium

(b) Motha

(c) Jangali jowar

(d) None of the above

*Ans. (a)*

16. First bioinsecticide developed commercial scale was

(a) quinine

(b) DDT

(c) organophosphate

(d) sporeine

*Ans. (d)*

17. Composted manure is produced from

(a) farmyard manure and green manure

(b) farm refuse and household refuse

(c) organic remains of biogas plants

(d) rotten vegetables and animal refuse

*Ans. (d)*

18. Norin-l0 gene from Japan is a

(a) dwarf gene of wheat

(b) dwarf gene of rice

(c) dwarf gene of maize

(d) disease resistant gene of rice

*Ans. (a)*

19. Aims of plant breeding are to produce

(a) disease-free varieties

(b) high-yielding varieties

(c) early-maturing varieties

(d) all of the above

*Ans. (d)*

20. Growing of two or more crops simultaneously on the same piece of land is called

(a) mixed cropping

(b) mixed farming

(c) intercropping

(d) fanning

*Ans. (a)*

21. The Mexican dwarf wheat variety was developed by

(a) Swaminathan

(b) Borlaugh

(c) Watson

(d) Khush

*Ans. (b)*

22. The desired varieties of

economically useful crops are raised by

(a) vemalisation

(b) mutation

(c) natural selection

(d) hybridisation

*Ans. (d)*

23. High-yielding varieties of wheat were primarily developed by Indian scientist by crossing- breeding traditional varieties with

(a) American varieties

(b) Mexican varieties

(c) European varieties

(d) African varieties

*Ans. (b)*

24. A plant breeder: waists to develop a disease resistant variety. What should he do first?

(a) Hybridisation

(b) Mutation

(c) Selection

(d) Production of crop

*Ans. (c)*

25. Selection of homozygous plant is

(a) pure line selection

(b) mass selection

(c) mixed selection

(d) introduction

*Ans. (a)

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